Nuevo enfoque de la planificación de la producción sostenible del cemento : propuesta de un modelo de optimización para reducir las emisiones de CO2
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Abstract
La entrada en vigor del Protocolo de Kyoto (PK) obliga a las instalaciones españolas de
cemento incluidas en la Directiva 2003/87 /CE a controlar sus emisiones de dióxido de
carbono. La búsqueda de la combinación óptima de las medidas disponibles de ajuste
de estas emisiones para compatibilizar los objetivos de producción con las exigencias
medioambientales, requiere de nuevos planteamientos en la planificación de la
producción industrial, incorporando nuevos parámetros y variables. En esta Tesis
abordamos las decisiones de optimización a través de un enfoque integrado, mediante
un modelo de programación lineal, que contempla conjuntamente las alternativas
viables para reducir las emisiones, tanto las derivadas de la aplicación de los
mecanismos de flexibilidad del PK, como las destinadas a mejorar los productos y los
procesos productivos. Su aplicación permitirá determinar, anticipadamente, decisiones
que permitan optimizar el uso de los recursos productivos de la industria del cemento.
The entry into force of the Kyoto Protocol (KP) requires Spanish cement factories covered by Directive 2003/87/EC to control their carbon dioxide emissions. The search for the optimal combination of available measurements of these emissions adjustment to reconcile the objectives of production with environmental requirements, require new approaches in planning industrial production, incorporating new parameters and variables. In this thesis we address the optirnization decisions through an integrated approach, using a linear prograrnming model, which jointly considers viable altematives to reduce emissions, both from the application of the flexibility mechanisms of the KP, as in tended to improve products and production processes. Their implementation will determine, in advance, decisions that optimize the use of the productive resources ofthe cement industry.
The entry into force of the Kyoto Protocol (KP) requires Spanish cement factories covered by Directive 2003/87/EC to control their carbon dioxide emissions. The search for the optimal combination of available measurements of these emissions adjustment to reconcile the objectives of production with environmental requirements, require new approaches in planning industrial production, incorporating new parameters and variables. In this thesis we address the optirnization decisions through an integrated approach, using a linear prograrnming model, which jointly considers viable altematives to reduce emissions, both from the application of the flexibility mechanisms of the KP, as in tended to improve products and production processes. Their implementation will determine, in advance, decisions that optimize the use of the productive resources ofthe cement industry.














