Resistir obedeciendo : para una etnografía de la resistencia civil no armada en Medellín
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Abstract
El artículo pretende mostrar que la población civil bajo
dominio de los actores armados no siempre hace de víctima pasiva
de la violencia y la agresión armada, ni que su actitud sea inevitablemente
la de la lealtad sumisa ante el dominio de los actores armados. Su propósito es ilustrar cómo en contextos urbanos signados por
el control, el dominio y la violencia de los actores armados en conflicto
como el correspondiente a la ciudad de Medellín, las comunidades
barriales pobres han realizado múltiples y variadas experiencias
de resistencia civil no armada frente a ese dominio de los actores
armados sobre sus territorios y la comunidad. En otros términos,
su objetivo es mostrar que el escenario y la dinámica social, política,
económica y cultural de los territorios urbanos de la ciudad, no sólo han
estado protagonizados por los actores armados, sino también, por las
comunidades barriales, que con sus liderazgos y acciones colectivas,
realizadas muchas veces de manera clandestina, soterrada o simulada,
oponen resistencia a este dominio. Para ello, presenta como núcleo
central de este artículo el resumen de dos narrativas de líderes
barriales de la Comuna 9 en las que se pretenden contar algunas de
estas experiencias comunitarias de resistencia civil no armada.
I intend to show that the civilian population under control of the armed actors does not always become a passive victim of violence and armed aggression neither that their attitude is that of inevitable submissive loyalty to the domain of armed actors. The goal of this work is that of illustrating how, in urban contexts, characterized by control, dominium and violence of armed actors as in the City of Medellin, actors from poor neighborhood communities have had many and varied experiences of civil non armed resistance against the control by armed actors of their territories and their community. In other words, it shows that the scenario and the social, political, economical and cultural dynamics of urban territories are not only made by armed actors, but by neighbors who, with their leadership and collective actions, often illegal, secret or simulated, resist to their control. The core of this article is the summary of the narratives of two leaders of the «Comuna 9» and the narrative of some of the communal experiences of unarmed civil resistance.
I intend to show that the civilian population under control of the armed actors does not always become a passive victim of violence and armed aggression neither that their attitude is that of inevitable submissive loyalty to the domain of armed actors. The goal of this work is that of illustrating how, in urban contexts, characterized by control, dominium and violence of armed actors as in the City of Medellin, actors from poor neighborhood communities have had many and varied experiences of civil non armed resistance against the control by armed actors of their territories and their community. In other words, it shows that the scenario and the social, political, economical and cultural dynamics of urban territories are not only made by armed actors, but by neighbors who, with their leadership and collective actions, often illegal, secret or simulated, resist to their control. The core of this article is the summary of the narratives of two leaders of the «Comuna 9» and the narrative of some of the communal experiences of unarmed civil resistance.







