Los programas de apoyo a la creación de spin-off s universitarias en el Reino Unido y españa : una tipología
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Abstract
El presente trabajo identifica diferentes modelos de programas de apoyo
a la creación de spin-offs en las universidades del Reino Unido y España, y
analiza sus características diferenciadoras. Este análisis se realiza a partir de
los datos recabados a través de una encuesta, dirigida a responsables de programas
de apoyo a la creación de spin-offs en universidades de estos países,
a los que se ha aplicado análisis cluster, y posteriormente análisis Anova para
confirmar sus resultados. Esto ha permitido identificar en estas universidades
tres tipos de programas de apoyo a la creación de spin-offs diferentes en términos
de experiencia, recursos, compromiso de la universidad, proactividad,
selectividad, participación en la gestión y tasa de éxito. Además, se ha podido
identificar un tipo considerado como modelo de éxito, caracterizado por una
política intermedia en proactividad y selectividad. También se ha encontrado
la existencia de un cierto “efecto país” en las características de los programas
universitarios de apoyo a la creación de spin-offs más exitosos. Finalmente se
ha podido confirmar la importancia dada por la literatura a la existencia de un
entorno favorable para el éxito de estos programas.
This study identifies different models of programmes for supporting the creation of spin-offs in universities, and analyses their differentiated characteristics. The analysis was performed using data collected by way of a survey, targeted at the heads of spin-off support programmes in universities in the United Kingdom and Spain, to which we applied the cluster analysis technique, and then a Anova analysis tro confirm their results. This enabled us to identify in these universities three types of spin-off support programmes, differing in terms of experience, resources, university´s commitment, proactivity, selectivity, number of spin-offs created and rate of survival. Among the various types of programmes identified, we found one that appear to be model for success. This type seems to opt for a policy intermediate of proactivity and selectivity. We have also found the existence of a certain “country effect” on the characteristics of the successful model. Finally, we have been able to confirm the importance given by the literature to the existence of a favourable environment to the success of spin-off programmes.
This study identifies different models of programmes for supporting the creation of spin-offs in universities, and analyses their differentiated characteristics. The analysis was performed using data collected by way of a survey, targeted at the heads of spin-off support programmes in universities in the United Kingdom and Spain, to which we applied the cluster analysis technique, and then a Anova analysis tro confirm their results. This enabled us to identify in these universities three types of spin-off support programmes, differing in terms of experience, resources, university´s commitment, proactivity, selectivity, number of spin-offs created and rate of survival. Among the various types of programmes identified, we found one that appear to be model for success. This type seems to opt for a policy intermediate of proactivity and selectivity. We have also found the existence of a certain “country effect” on the characteristics of the successful model. Finally, we have been able to confirm the importance given by the literature to the existence of a favourable environment to the success of spin-off programmes.







