Prácticas de cuidado infantil en organizaciones comunitarias : los comedores comunitarios en el Área Metropolitana de Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Abstract
Introducción: El presente trabajo se propone analizar las
prácticas comunitarias de cuidado infantil desarrolladas
por los comedores populares de los barrios marginados
del Área Metropolitana de Buenos Aires (Argentina) durante
el período 2003-2010, con el fin de comprender los
procesos de configuración del campo del cuidado infantil
en los sectores populares. Materiales y métodos: La
investigación realizada combinó estrategias cualitativas
y cuantitativas de recolección y análisis de datos (métodos
mixtos). A partir de la aplicación de las mismas pudo
relevarse información acerca de 220 comedores comunitarios
de distintos barrios. Resultados: Los comedores
comunitarios emergieron como organizaciones territoriales
a partir de la crisis hiperinflacionaria que tuvo lugar
en la Argentina entre 1988 y 1990 y se masificaron durante
las décadas siguientes como consecuencia de la agudización
de los procesos de empobrecimiento. Si bien en
un origen se centraron en la provisión de alimentos, se
observa que los mismos desarrollan en el contexto actual
distintas acciones que tienden al cuidado de los niños/as
a través de estrategias comunitarias. Discusión: Si bien
los comedores fueron concebidos en sus inicios como
acciones transitorias, los mismos lograron consolidarse
territorialmente a partir de los apoyos recibidos del Estado.
Estas organizaciones se posicionaron como agentes
en el campo del cuidado infantil, abordando (aunque no
siempre de manera satisfactoria) las problemáticas que
presentaban los niños/as y adolescentes que asistían a
las mismas. Estas nuevas acciones favorecieron a que los
comedores redefinieran su perfil institucional.
Introduction: This paper analyzes the child-care community practices developed by the soup kitchens located in marginalized neighborhoods of the Greater Buenos Aires Area (Argentine) during 2003-2010, in order to understand the reconfiguring processes undergone by the child-care field in vulnerable sectors. Materials and methods: The research combined qualitative and quantitative strategies of data collection and analysis (mixed methods). Through the combination of differents strategies information was gathered from 220 organizations in different neighborhoods of the Greater Buenos Aires Area. Results: These institutions emerged as territorial organizations from the hyperinflationary crisis that took place in Argentina between 1988 and 1990 and they spread over the following decades as a result of the intensification of the processes of poverty and social exclusion. Although initially these organizations focused on food provision, in the current context they incorporate various actions related to child-care community practices. Discussion: Although the soup kitchens were conceived initially as transitory actions, they were consolidated as territorial organizations because of the support received by public policies. These organizations were positioned as agents in the childcare field, tackling (though not always in a satisfactory way) the problems that affect the children and teenagers that they attend. These newly developed actions contributed to re-define their institutional profile.
Introduction: This paper analyzes the child-care community practices developed by the soup kitchens located in marginalized neighborhoods of the Greater Buenos Aires Area (Argentine) during 2003-2010, in order to understand the reconfiguring processes undergone by the child-care field in vulnerable sectors. Materials and methods: The research combined qualitative and quantitative strategies of data collection and analysis (mixed methods). Through the combination of differents strategies information was gathered from 220 organizations in different neighborhoods of the Greater Buenos Aires Area. Results: These institutions emerged as territorial organizations from the hyperinflationary crisis that took place in Argentina between 1988 and 1990 and they spread over the following decades as a result of the intensification of the processes of poverty and social exclusion. Although initially these organizations focused on food provision, in the current context they incorporate various actions related to child-care community practices. Discussion: Although the soup kitchens were conceived initially as transitory actions, they were consolidated as territorial organizations because of the support received by public policies. These organizations were positioned as agents in the childcare field, tackling (though not always in a satisfactory way) the problems that affect the children and teenagers that they attend. These newly developed actions contributed to re-define their institutional profile.







