El renacimiento del pensamiento totalitario en el seno del estado de Derecho: la doctrina del derecho penal enemigo
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Abstract
Bajo la excusa del viejo recurso a una idea ambigua de seguridad y la llamada “lucha” contra el terrorismo,
ha ido configurándose la teoría del “Derecho penal del enemigo”. Aquí se ofrece un análisis crítico de esta
doctrina desde una triple perspectiva: a) moral, por partir de un deshumanizado presupuesto de “enemigo/no-persona”;
b) política, por comportar un retorno al pensamiento absolutista incompatible con la idea de democracia; y
c) jurídica, puesto que su desarrollo contradice y vulnera los principios y derechos fundamentales básicos del Estado
de Derecho, en concreto, el derecho a la presunción de inocencia, el derecho a la legalidad criminal, el derecho
a la igualdad y no discriminación, y el principio de proporcionalidad o prohibición de exceso
The “Criminal Law of the Enemy” theory has been formed under pretext of the old recourse to an ambiguous idea of security and the so called “fight” against terrorism. Herein a critic analysis of this doctrine is offered from a triple perspective: a) moral, since the theory is started from a dehumanized presupposition of “enemy/non-person”; b) politic, since it involves a return to a totalitarian thinking that is not consistent with the idea of democracy; and c) legal, since the development of this doctrine contradicts and violates the fundamental rights and basic principles of the Rule of Law, specifically, the right to presumption of innocence, the right to criminal legality, the right to equality and non-discrimination and the principle of proportionality of criminal offences and penalties
The “Criminal Law of the Enemy” theory has been formed under pretext of the old recourse to an ambiguous idea of security and the so called “fight” against terrorism. Herein a critic analysis of this doctrine is offered from a triple perspective: a) moral, since the theory is started from a dehumanized presupposition of “enemy/non-person”; b) politic, since it involves a return to a totalitarian thinking that is not consistent with the idea of democracy; and c) legal, since the development of this doctrine contradicts and violates the fundamental rights and basic principles of the Rule of Law, specifically, the right to presumption of innocence, the right to criminal legality, the right to equality and non-discrimination and the principle of proportionality of criminal offences and penalties







