La calidad institucional como factor determinante del desarrollo económico basado en los recursos naturales
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Abstract
La calidad institucional resulta fundamental para explicar las diferencias de
desarrollo económico entre países ricos en recursos naturales. Sin embargo,
más allá de la importancia atribuida a las instituciones, la literatura existente
no aclara la forma en que influye la calidad institucional sobre los recursos
naturales ni ofrece prescripciones claras con relación al tipo de instituciones
necesarias para favorecer el desarrollo basado en un aprovechamiento
sostenible de los recursos naturales. Este artículo presenta una revisión
sistemática de la literatura sobre la importancia de la calidad institucional en los
efectos de los recursos naturales no renovables sobre el desarrollo económico.
Se revisa críticamente el papel de las instituciones, tratando de aclarar lo que
la literatura académica ha revelado con relación al tipo de instituciones, a cómo
y dónde importan. Esta revisión permite concluir que la forma en que importan
las instituciones es compleja, diversa y más difusa de lo que generalmente se
asume. Otra contribución del artículo consiste en indicar algunos de los retos
a los que se enfrentan las investigaciones futuras para aprovechar mejor los
recursos naturales a partir de la mejora de las instituciones, particularmente
en los países en desarrollo
Institutional quality is critical in explaining differences in economic development between countries rich in natural resources. Yet, beyond the importance attributed to institutions, the existing literature neither clarifies the way in which institutional quality influences natural resources, nor offers clear prescriptions in relation to the type of institutions that are necessary in order to foster development based on a sustainable use of natural resources. This document presents a systematic review of the literature on the importance of institutional quality in the effects of non-renewable natural resources on economic development. The role of institutions is critically reviewed, trying to clarify what the academic literature has revealed in relation to which, how and where institutions matter. This review shows that the way in which institutions matter is complex, diverse and more diffuse than previously thought. Another contribution of this paper is to point out some challenges for future research in order to make better use of natural resources through institutional enhancement, particularly in developing countries
Institutional quality is critical in explaining differences in economic development between countries rich in natural resources. Yet, beyond the importance attributed to institutions, the existing literature neither clarifies the way in which institutional quality influences natural resources, nor offers clear prescriptions in relation to the type of institutions that are necessary in order to foster development based on a sustainable use of natural resources. This document presents a systematic review of the literature on the importance of institutional quality in the effects of non-renewable natural resources on economic development. The role of institutions is critically reviewed, trying to clarify what the academic literature has revealed in relation to which, how and where institutions matter. This review shows that the way in which institutions matter is complex, diverse and more diffuse than previously thought. Another contribution of this paper is to point out some challenges for future research in order to make better use of natural resources through institutional enhancement, particularly in developing countries







