Formación de biodolomita durante un proceso de fosilización de insectos en diatomitas miocenas (Konservat-Lagerstätte Tresjuncos, Cuenca, España)
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Abstract
En este trabajo se describe e interpreta la formación de dolomita durante
la fosilización de insectos incluidos en diatomitas. Las muestras estudiadas
pertenecen al yacimiento paleontológico de Tresjuncos, enclavado en depósitos del Turoliense. Se trata de depósitos lacustres con facies de ambientes
someros y de otros relativamente más profundos en los que se produjeron
importantes proliferaciones de diatomeas. Muestras de los insectos fósiles y
de las diatomitas que los incluyen fueron estudiadas por difracción de Rayos
X, y petrografía óptica y electrónica (Microscopia Electrónica de Barrido, MEB,
y análisis por Energía Dispersiva, EDX). El análisis comparativo de la mineralogía de los insectos y de las rocas reveló que la dolomita se restringe al
interior de los fósiles. En MEB, los cristales de dolomita presentan formas
tubulares que reproducen formas microbianas. Recrecimientos posteriores en
los tubos generarían las formas exteriores poliédricas. La precipitación de
dolomita estaría propiciada por los microorganismos presentes durante la
degradación del insecto, o aportados por los mucilagos de las diatomeas que
los incluyen, o incluso por tapices microbianos del fondo del lago. Procesos
de sulfato-reducción combinados con la oxidación anaeróbica del metano
pudieron facilitar la precipitación de la dolomita
The formation of dolomite, during the fossilization of insects included in diatomites, is described and interpreted in this paper. The studied case comes from the paleontological site of Tresjuncos, located in Turolian deposits. These deposits formed in relatively shallow lakes where important blooms of diatoms occurred. Samples of the fossils (a dragonfly larva, a chironomid pupal exuvium, and other not classified insects) and of the diatomites that include them were studied by X-ray diffraction, and optical and electronic petrography (Scanning Electron Microscopy, SEM, and Dispersive Energy analysis, EDX). The comparative analysis of the mineralogy of insects and rocks revealed that dolomite mainly occurs in the insects. Under SEM, dolomite crystals show tubular forms that reproduce microbial forms. Later dolomite precipitates would generate the polyhedral outer shapes of the tubes. The dolomite precipitation would be propitiated by microorganisms that lived in the insect during its degradation or those that were contributed by the mucilage of diatoms or even by microbial mats of the bottom of the lake. Sulphate-reduction processes combined with the anaerobic oxidation of methane could facilitate the precipitation of dolomite
The formation of dolomite, during the fossilization of insects included in diatomites, is described and interpreted in this paper. The studied case comes from the paleontological site of Tresjuncos, located in Turolian deposits. These deposits formed in relatively shallow lakes where important blooms of diatoms occurred. Samples of the fossils (a dragonfly larva, a chironomid pupal exuvium, and other not classified insects) and of the diatomites that include them were studied by X-ray diffraction, and optical and electronic petrography (Scanning Electron Microscopy, SEM, and Dispersive Energy analysis, EDX). The comparative analysis of the mineralogy of insects and rocks revealed that dolomite mainly occurs in the insects. Under SEM, dolomite crystals show tubular forms that reproduce microbial forms. Later dolomite precipitates would generate the polyhedral outer shapes of the tubes. The dolomite precipitation would be propitiated by microorganisms that lived in the insect during its degradation or those that were contributed by the mucilage of diatoms or even by microbial mats of the bottom of the lake. Sulphate-reduction processes combined with the anaerobic oxidation of methane could facilitate the precipitation of dolomite







