Coladas piroclásticas relacionadas con el colapso de domos traquíticos en el Edificio Volcánico Mioceno Medio de Jandía (Fuerteventura, Islas Canarias)
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Abstract
El sector oriental del Edificio Volcánico Mioceno Medio de Jandía
está constituido, esencialmente, por una serie de domos sálicos y
materiales piroclásticos separados por aglomerados basálticos que
marcan importantes eventos de erosión y detención de la actividad volcánica. Los niveles piroclásticos, que incluyen tobas sálicas
soldadas y niveles interestratificados de pómez, ceniza y lapilli se
interpretan como el resultado de depósitos de flujos piroclásticos
(flujos de bloques y cenizas) y oleadas piroclásticas (“base surge”,
“ash-cloud surge” y “ground surge”), respectivamente, relacionadas
con la actividad volcánica de domos traquíticos, como el del Islote de
Cofete, en forma de erupciones hidromagmáticas (los depósitos de
“base surge”) y del colapso gravitatorio, más o menos explosivo, de
los domos (los depósitos de flujo de bloques y cenizas). Relacionados
con los flujos piroclásticos de bloques y cenizas se formaron oleadas
piroclásticas (“ash-cloud surge” y “ground surge”), que formaron depósitos infrayacentes, interestratificados y suprayacentes a las tobas
sálicas. Parte de estas oleadas piroclásticas pudieron sobrepasar la
zona de detención de los flujos piroclásticos, hasta depositarse en
zonas bastante alejadas de los domos en erupción
The eastern sector of the Middle Miocene Jandía Volcanic Edifice is essentially constituted by a sequence of felsic domes and pyroclastic rocks separated by basaltic agglomerates that mark important events of erosion and volcanic activity gaps. Pyroclastic levels, which include welded felsic tuffs and interstratified levels of pumice, ashs and lapilli, are interpreted as the result of pyroclastic flows (block and ash flows) and pyroclastic surges (base surges, ash cloud surges and ground surges) deposits, related to the volcanic activity of trachytic domes, such as the Cofete Islet dome, originated by hydromagmatic eruptions (base surge deposits) and explosive gravitational collapse of domes (block and ash flow deposits). Ash cloud surges and ground surges associated to the block and ash flows are forming underlying, interstratified and overlying deposits to the welded felsic tuffs. Some of these pyroclastic surges surpassed the stoppage zone of the pyroclastic flows, reaching areas located far from the erupting domes
The eastern sector of the Middle Miocene Jandía Volcanic Edifice is essentially constituted by a sequence of felsic domes and pyroclastic rocks separated by basaltic agglomerates that mark important events of erosion and volcanic activity gaps. Pyroclastic levels, which include welded felsic tuffs and interstratified levels of pumice, ashs and lapilli, are interpreted as the result of pyroclastic flows (block and ash flows) and pyroclastic surges (base surges, ash cloud surges and ground surges) deposits, related to the volcanic activity of trachytic domes, such as the Cofete Islet dome, originated by hydromagmatic eruptions (base surge deposits) and explosive gravitational collapse of domes (block and ash flow deposits). Ash cloud surges and ground surges associated to the block and ash flows are forming underlying, interstratified and overlying deposits to the welded felsic tuffs. Some of these pyroclastic surges surpassed the stoppage zone of the pyroclastic flows, reaching areas located far from the erupting domes







