Origen y distribución de la salinidad en el acuífero costero de Chipiona (Cádiz)
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Abstract
Se analizan los cambios en el acuífero costero de Chipiona durante
el último medio siglo, motivados por las transformaciones
agrarias y la gestión de los recursos hídricos en la comarca. El acuífero
pasó de sufrir procesos de sobreexplotación e intrusión marina en
los años 90, a un incremento en el almacenamiento por la reducción
de bombeos y la mayor recarga asociada al uso de agua superficial
alóctona para el riego de cultivos. Estas modificaciones conllevaron
cambios significativos en la hidroquímica de las aguas subterráneas:
(i) se detecta retroceso de la cuña salina y (ii) se ha incrementado la
salinidad por el lavado de suelos agrícolas y la aplicación de agua de
riego de calidad mediocre procedente de la cuenca baja del río Guadalete.
Finalmente, se plantean algunas pautas de gestión dirigidas
a la mejora y protección de la calidad
This work analyzes the changes undergone by the coastal aquifer of Chipiona during the last half century, as a consequence of agricultural transformations and water management in the region. Initially, the aquifer suffered overexploitation and salinization due to marine intrusion in the 1990s and subsequently, an increase in storage as result of reduced pumping and increased recharge caused by the use of allochthonous surface water for irrigation. These modifications led to significant changes in groundwater hydrochemistry: (i) the salt wedge retreated notably and (ii) salinity increased owing to the agricultural soil washing and the application of irrigation water of poor quality from the lower basin of the Guadalete River. Finally, some management guidelines aimed at improving and protecting groundwater quality are proposed
This work analyzes the changes undergone by the coastal aquifer of Chipiona during the last half century, as a consequence of agricultural transformations and water management in the region. Initially, the aquifer suffered overexploitation and salinization due to marine intrusion in the 1990s and subsequently, an increase in storage as result of reduced pumping and increased recharge caused by the use of allochthonous surface water for irrigation. These modifications led to significant changes in groundwater hydrochemistry: (i) the salt wedge retreated notably and (ii) salinity increased owing to the agricultural soil washing and the application of irrigation water of poor quality from the lower basin of the Guadalete River. Finally, some management guidelines aimed at improving and protecting groundwater quality are proposed







