La Capa de conglomerado-brecha de la Llosa del Cavall (Solsona, Lleida): características sedimentarias
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Abstract
La Capa de la Llosa del Cavall, nivel de conglomerado-brecha de
gran continuidad lateral, presenta dos grupos principales de litofacies.
El primero consta de unidades con facies masivas, facies con granoclasificación vertical, y fábrica soportada por los clastos o por la matriz. La matriz es esencialmente carbonática y contiene un porcentaje
elevado de partículas finas (tamaño limo-arcilla). Presenta estructuras
de deformación por carga y por escape de fluidos, fragmentos vegetales, cantos blandos acorazados, bloques exóticos y estructuras erosivas de corriente. El segundo incluye facies tractivas caracterizadas
por: laminación/estratificación planar o de bajo ángulo, laminación/
estratificación cruzada, gradaciones granulométricas, cantos blandos
y clastos intraformacionales. El primer grupo de litofacies se generó
por flujos de alta densidad, principalmente no confinados. El segundo grupo de litofacies corresponde a flujos de alta a baja densidad,
confinados o no confinados y con una clara tendencia a la dilución.
Los cambios laterales y verticales de litofacies corresponden a transformaciones del flujo; por ejemplo el tránsito de flujos gravitatorios de
sedimento de alta densidad a flujos hídricos de baja densidad
The Llosa del Cavall bed is a conglomerate-breccia layer of great lateral continuity that presents two groups of lithofacies. The first group consists of units with massive, graded bedding facies, with a fabric that can be clast or matrix-supported. The matrix is essentially made up of carbonates with a high percentage of fine-grained particles (silt-clay size). It also contains soft-sediment deformation structures (water-escape and loading), plant remains, armoured mud balls, outsized boulder clasts and various erosive structures due to currents. The second group includes a wide range of tractive facies, evidenced by features such as planar or low angle lamination/ stratification, graded bedding, cross-bedding, mud balls and intraformational clasts. The first group of lithofacies was generated by high-density flows that were mainly unconfined. The second group of lithofacies corresponds to high to low-density flows with or without confinement that tend to be diluted. Lateral and vertical lithofacies changes resulted from gradual flow transformations such as changes from high-density gravity flows to low-density currents
The Llosa del Cavall bed is a conglomerate-breccia layer of great lateral continuity that presents two groups of lithofacies. The first group consists of units with massive, graded bedding facies, with a fabric that can be clast or matrix-supported. The matrix is essentially made up of carbonates with a high percentage of fine-grained particles (silt-clay size). It also contains soft-sediment deformation structures (water-escape and loading), plant remains, armoured mud balls, outsized boulder clasts and various erosive structures due to currents. The second group includes a wide range of tractive facies, evidenced by features such as planar or low angle lamination/ stratification, graded bedding, cross-bedding, mud balls and intraformational clasts. The first group of lithofacies was generated by high-density flows that were mainly unconfined. The second group of lithofacies corresponds to high to low-density flows with or without confinement that tend to be diluted. Lateral and vertical lithofacies changes resulted from gradual flow transformations such as changes from high-density gravity flows to low-density currents







