Geomorfología y evolución geológica reciente del litoral del Parque Nacional Pan de Azúcar (norte de Chile)
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Abstract
El análisis geomorfológico del borde costero del Parque Nacional
de Pan de Azúcar (Chile) permite describir varias etapas en su evolución
geológica reciente, principalmente controladas por el clima,
las variaciones del nivel del mar y el alzamiento de la Cordillera de la
Costa. Las primeras fases se refieren a los episodios de formación de
tres generaciones de terrazas marinas, mientras que la última etapa
involucra el Presente Interglacial, el establecimiento del nivel del mar
actual, la formación del acantilado marino holoceno y el desarrollo
de formas activas, con predominio del modelado eólico y fluvial/aluvial
sobre este segmento litoral del sur del desierto de Atacama. Se
describe, por primera vez en la zona, la formación de una terraza
marina baja, aflorante próxima al nivel del mar actual, fechada en
~44000 años, asociada con la alta parada marina del MIS-3. Esta
datación corrobora el inicio de un ciclo de levantamiento tectónico
acelerado, con tasas de elevación ~1 m/ka, recientemente propuesto
para el norte de Chile y que continuaría hasta el presente
The geomorphological analysis of the coastal sector of Pan de Azúcar National Park (Chile) allows describing several stages in its recent geological evolution, mainly controlled by the climate, variations in the sea-level and the uplift of the Cordillera de la Costa. The first phases refer to the formation of three generations of marine terraces, while the last stage involves the Present Interglacial, the establishment of the current sea-level, the formation of the Holocene marine cliff and the development of active forms, with predominance of the eolian and fluvial/alluvial processes on this coastal segment of the southern Atacama Desert. For the first time, the occurrence of a low marine terrace that crops out near current sea-level is described in the study area. It has been dated in ~44000 years and associated with the MIS-3 highstand. This age corroborates the beginning of a cycle of accelerated tectonic uplift, with rates of ~ 1 m/ka, recently proposed for northern Chile that would continue until today
The geomorphological analysis of the coastal sector of Pan de Azúcar National Park (Chile) allows describing several stages in its recent geological evolution, mainly controlled by the climate, variations in the sea-level and the uplift of the Cordillera de la Costa. The first phases refer to the formation of three generations of marine terraces, while the last stage involves the Present Interglacial, the establishment of the current sea-level, the formation of the Holocene marine cliff and the development of active forms, with predominance of the eolian and fluvial/alluvial processes on this coastal segment of the southern Atacama Desert. For the first time, the occurrence of a low marine terrace that crops out near current sea-level is described in the study area. It has been dated in ~44000 years and associated with the MIS-3 highstand. This age corroborates the beginning of a cycle of accelerated tectonic uplift, with rates of ~ 1 m/ka, recently proposed for northern Chile that would continue until today
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