RT Journal Article T1 A systematic review on evidences supporting quality indicators of bilingual, plurilingual and multilingual programs in higher education A1 Rubio Alcalá, Fernando David A1 Arco Tirado, José Luis A1 Fernández Martín, Francisco D. A1 López Lechuga, Rocío A1 Barrios, Elvira A1 Pavón Vázquez, Víctor AB This systematic review intends to report on the strength of evidences supporting the qualityindicators (predictors) attributed to higher education bilingual, plurilingual or multilingualpractices and programs across four key dependent variables (outcomes) analyzed (i.e., studentperformance, second language proficiency, employment, and motivation and attitudes). Therapid growth of both offer and demand of this type of higher education and learning worldwiderequires the implementation of high-quality evaluation strategies and techniques to measurepotential causal links between interventions and results. To do so, a pre-specified systematicreview protocol following the Campbell Collaboration (2015) recommendations is designed andimplemented. The results suggest the urgent need to increase the primary research qualitystandards in this sub-discipline by reducing bias in the processes of designing, implementing andreporting research. Despite the scarcity of results sustained on statistical conclusions with thehigher statistical power found in this review, specific results of the dependent variables indicatethat this type of education benefits students’ performance and second language proficiency, witha higher impact on receptive skills. Although no results were obtained concerning student employment,other results point out that there is general satisfaction of participation with theprograms. Finally, several recommendations on how to scale up those quality research standardsin this sub-discipline are provided. PB Elsevier SN 1747-938X YR 2019 FD 2019 LK http://hdl.handle.net/10272/16277 UL http://hdl.handle.net/10272/16277 LA eng NO Rubio-Alcalá, F. D., Arco-Tirado, J. L., Fernández-Martín, F. D., López-Lechuga, R., Barrios, E., & Pavón-Vázquez, V. (2019). A systematic review on evidences supporting quality indicators of bilingual, plurilingual and multilingual programs in higher education. Educational Research Review, 27, 191–204. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.edurev.2019.03.003 DS Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de Huelva RD 31 may 2026