RT Journal Article T1 Psychometric Properties of the Spanish Adaptation of the Externalizing Spectrum Inventory–Brief Form (ESI-BF) A1 Blanc Molina, Andrea A1 Sánchez García, Manuel A1 Patrick, Christopher J. A1 Krueger, Robert A1 Fernández Calderón, Fermín A1 Lozano Rojas, Óscar Martín A1 Rosa Cáceres, Ana María A1 Díaz Batanero, María Carmen AB The Externalizing Spectrum Inventory–Brief Form (ESI-BF) measures tendencies toward disinhibition,lack of control, aggression, and substance use. This study adapts the ESI-BF to the Spanishpopulation and assesses its psychometric properties. The study included 742 community adultsobtained by stratified random sampling with proportional allocation according to gender, age, andgeographical area of the Spanish territory and a clinical sample consisting of 333 patients. Allparticipants completed the Personality Inventory for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of MentalDisorders, fifth edition (PID-5) and the Alcohol Substance Dependence Severity Scale, in addition tothe Spanish version of the ESI-BF. Reliability was quantified using McDonald’s omega andCronbach’s α reliability coefficients. Validity evidences were studied applying confirmatory factoranalysis (CFA) and correlations. Results indicated adequate reliability of scores on the ESI-BF’sgeneral factors and most of its facets. Regarding internal structure, and in line with previous studies,both symmetric and S-1 hierarchical two-subfactor (bifactor) emerged as the best-fitting models.Considering both criticisms of symmetric models and parsimony, the S-1 bifactor model, whichshowed configural invariance across gender and samples, was retained. Validity evidence based on therelationship with other measures of personality and alcohol consumption show correlations valuestheoretically expected in both clinical and community samples. Findings suggest that the Spanishadaptation of the ESI-BF shows functional near-equivalence to the original version. Its effectivepsychometric properties make it useful instrument for further research related to the externalizingspectrum. PB American Psychological Association SN 1040-3590 SN 1939-134X (electrónico) YR 2023 FD 2023 LK https://hdl.handle.net/10272/22888 UL https://hdl.handle.net/10272/22888 LA eng NO Blanc-Molina, A., Sánchez-García, M., Patrick, C. J., Krueger, R. F., Fernández-Calderón, F., Lozano, O. M., de la Rosa-Cáceres, A., & Díaz-Batanero, C. (2023). Psychometric properties of the Spanish adaptation of the Externalizing Spectrum Inventory-Brief Form (ESI-BF). Psychological Assessment, 35(4), e1-e11. https://doi.org/10.1037/pas0001206. NO Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (EU) y Junta de Andalucía (España). DS Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de Huelva RD 30 may 2026