@article{10272/28664,
year = {2026},
url = {https://hdl.handle.net/10272/28664},
abstract = {The bioaccessibility of Chlorella sorokiniana carotenoids is typically low due to the rigidity of its cell wall. This study evaluated the effect of ultrasound and ball milling (BM) on carotenoid bioaccessibility in wild-type and phytoene-enriched C. sorokiniana in three types of matrices: fresh, freeze-dried, and alginate-encapsulated. The in vitro digestion methodology followed the standardized INFOGEST protocol. Ball milling at 30 Hz significantly improved bioaccessibility in wild-type matrices, whereas milder conditions (BM-5 Hz or USD-30%) were more effective in phytoene-enriched and encapsulated samples. Freeze-drying and encapsulation also improved carotenoid bioaccessibility compared to fresh biomass. The addition of yogurt (10% fat) increased the incorporation of carotenoids into micelles, particularly the highly hydrophobic ones α- and β-carotene. Furthermore, the cis isomers showed greater bioaccessibility than their trans counterparts. These results highlight the importance of applying disruption treatments, encapsulation, or fat-addition to improve the bioaccessibility and bioavailable content of microalgal carotenoids.},
organization = {This study was financially supported by grant PID2022-140995OB-C22 (SUSHEALTHCARICH) funded by MICIU/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and ERDF/EU. In addition, the authors also acknowledge grant PID2019-110438RB-C21 (NEWCARFOODS) funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and ERDF/EU. PMB gratefully acknowledge funding from the VII Plan Propio de Investigación y Transferencia of the University of Seville (VII PPIT-US), under the Contrato Acción II.4 PPIT (Plan de Captación y Retención de Talento) and acknowledge the Postdoc fellowship from the Ministry of Economic Transformation, Industry, Knowledge and Universities of the Andalucía Board (PAIDI 2020). AMO was supported by a grant associated to grant PID2019-110438RB-C21 (NEWCARFOODS). AJMM, AMO, and PMB are members of the Spanish Carotenoid Network (CaRed), grant RED2022-134577-T, funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and ERDF/EU.},
publisher = {Elsevier},
title = {Effect of ultrasounds and ball milling on the bioaccessibility of carotenoids from the microalga Chlorella sorokiniana},
doi = {10.1016/j.foodchem.2026.149627},
author = {Morón Ortiz, Ángeles and Mapelli Brahm, Paula and León Vaz, Antonio and León Bañares, Rosa María and Meléndez Martínez, Antonio J.},
}