RT Journal Article T1 The earliest pigeon fanciers A1 Blasco, Ruth A1 Finlayson, Clive A1 Rosell, Jordi A1 Sánchez Marco, Antonio A1 Finlayson, Stewart A1 Finlayson, Geraldine A1 Negro, Juan José A1 Giles Pacheco, Francisco A1 Rodríguez Vidal, Joaquín AB Feral Pigeons have colonised all corners of the Earth, having developed a close association with humans andtheir activities. The wild ancestor of the Feral Pigeon, the Rock Dove, is a species of rocky habitats, nestingtypically on cliff ledges and at the entrance to large caves. This habit would have brought them into close contactwith cave-dwelling humans, a relationship usually linked to the development of dwellings in the Neolithic. Weshow that the association between humans and RockDoves is an ancient one with its roots in the Palaeolithicand predates the arrival of modern humans into Europe. At Gorham’s Cave, Gibraltar, the Neanderthalsexploited Rock Doves for food for a period of over 40 thousand years, the earliest evidence dating to at least 67thousand years ago.We show that the exploitation was not casual or sporadic, having found repeated evidenceof the practice in different, widely spaced, temporal contexts within the cave. Our results point to hithertounappreciated capacities of the Neanderthals to exploit birds as food resources on a regular basis.More so, theywere practising it long before the arrival of modern humans and had therefore invented it independently. PB Nature Publishing Group SN 2045-2322 YR 2014 FD 2014-08 LK http://hdl.handle.net/10272/8769 UL http://hdl.handle.net/10272/8769 LA eng NO Blasco, R., Finlayson, C., Rosell, J., Sánchez Marco, A., Finlayson, S., Finlayson, G., Negro, J.J., Giles Pacheco, F., Rodríguez Vidal, J.: "The earliest pigeon fanciers". Scientific Reports. 4 : Article number 5971 (2014). ISSN 2045-2322 DS Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de Huelva RD 30 may 2026