RT Journal Article T1 Structuring natural deep eutectic solvents with epoxidised ligninenriched residues: a green alternative to petroleum-based thickened formulations A1 Cortés Triviño, Esperanza A1 Cubero Cardoso, Juan A1 Tenorio Alfonso, Adrián A1 Fernández Recamales, María Ángeles A1 Valencia Barragán, Concepción A1 Urbano Baena, Juan A1 Franco Gómez, José María AB Natural deep eutectic solvents (NADESs) differing in the number of hydroxyl groups in the hydrogen bond donor (HBD) compound were investigated for usage as a matrix base in reactions involving a lignin-enriched fraction. NADESs were prepared by mixing citric acid with different HBDs (glycerol, xylitol, and sucrose). In addition, waste lignocellulose was epoxidised for use as a thickening agent for NADESs by promoting chemical crosslinking between the HBD hydroxyl groups and the epoxy rings of the lignocellulosic material. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis were used to verify the reaction between NADES and the epoxidised lignin-rich material. In addition, full rheological characterisation was performed to evaluate the effects of the viscosity of NADESs and lignin-enriched residue concentration. A heating process was applied to determine the influence of water on the viscoelastic properties of the final products. The chemical interaction between NADESs and epoxidised lignocellulose was successfully achieved, resulting in various rheological responses, from liquid-like to gel-like, depending on the HBD compound comprising NADESs and the lignin concentration. The higher the number of hydroxyl groups in the HBD, the higher was the viscosity of the lignin-structured NADESs. An analysis of the relative viscosity data reveals that the epoxidised ligninocellulose residue exerts a similar structuring role in the three different NADESs. PB Elsevier SN 0167-7322 SN 1873-3166 (electrónico) YR 2022 FD 2022-05-23 LK http://hdl.handle.net/10272/21241 UL http://hdl.handle.net/10272/21241 LA eng NO Cortés-Triviño, E., Cubero-Cardoso, J., Tenorio-Alfonso, A., Fernández-Recamales, M. A., Valencia, C., Urbano, J., & Franco, J. M. (2022). Structuring natural deep eutectic solvents with epoxidised lignin-enriched residues: a green alternative to petroleum-based thickened formulations. In Journal of Molecular Liquids (Vol. 360, p. 119433). Elsevier BV. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molliq.2022.119433 NO Project RTI2018-096080-BC21 financiado por MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 y por ‘‘ERDF A way of making Europe”; Project UHU-1257728, financiado por la Universidad de Huelva (Junta de Andalucía 2014-2020). DS Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de Huelva RD 14 jul 2026