RT Journal Article
T1 A quantitative analysis of cold water for human consumption in hospitals in Spain
A1 González, A. G.
A1 García-Sanz-Calcedo, J.
A1 Salgado, D. R.
A1 Mena Nieto, Ángel Isidro
AB An estimation of the water used for human consumption in hospitals is essential to determine possible savings and to fix criteria to improve the design of new water consumption models.The present work reports on cold water for human consumption (CWHC) in hospitals in Spain and determines the possible savings. In the period of 2005–2012, 80 Eco-Management and Audit Schemes (EMAS) from20 hospitals were analysed. The results conclude that the average annual consumption of CWHC is 1.59m3/m2 (with a standard deviation of 0.48 m3/m2), 195.85 m3/bed (standard deviation 70.07 m3/bed), or 53.69 m3/worker (standard deviation 16.64 m3/worker).The results demonstrate the possibility of saving 5,600,000m3 of water per year. Assuming the cost of water as approximately 1.22 €/m3, annual savings are estimated as 6,832,000 €. Furthermore, 2,912MWh of energy could be saved, and the emission of 22,400 annual tonnes of CO2 into the atmosphere could be avoided.
PB Hindawi Publishing Corporation
SN 2040-2295
YR 2016
FD 2016-06
LK http://hdl.handle.net/10272/12968
UL http://hdl.handle.net/10272/12968
LA eng
NO González, a.G., García-Sanz-Calcedo, J., Salgado, D.R., Mena Nieto, A.I.: "A quantitative analysis of cold water for human consumption in hospitals in Spain". Journal of Healthcare Engineering. Vol 2016, Article ID 6534823, (2016). DOI: 10.1155/2016/6534823
DS Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de Huelva
RD 13 jun 2026