RT Journal Article T1 Eco-Friendly Oleogels from Functionalized Kraft Lignin with Laccase SilA from Streptomyces ipomoeae: An Opportunity to Replace Commercial Lubricants A1 Domínguez, Gabriela A1 Blánquez, Alba A1 Borrero López, Antonio María A1 Valencia Barragán, Concepción A1 Eugenio, María Eugenia A1 Arias, María Enriqueta A1 Rodríguez, Juana A1 Hernández, Manuel AB This work demonstrates the usefulness of SilA laccasefrom Streptomyces ipomoeae to functionalize Kraft lignin to be used as athickener in the preparation of biodegradable oleogels for lubricatingpurposes. First, conditions for the enzymatic reaction were optimizedby determining the polymerization degree of lignin along theincubation time. Next, using rheological characteristics as a responsefunction, the Kraft lignin amount and incubation time were optimizedto get the best characteristics of functionalized Kraft lignin to be usedas a thickener in castor oil oleogels. In both cases, response surfacemethodology (RSM) with a factorial design 23 was applied. The resultsobtained demonstrated that Kraft lignin was oxidized by recombinantlaccase from S. ipomoeae (SilA) increasing its reactivity and, asconsequence, the molecular weight average. It was estimated that thehighest polymerization occurred with a Kraft lignin concentration of1.25 g/L and an incubation time of 24.0 min. Moreover, the maximum values of the “plateau modulus” for the oleogels within thelimits of the studied region were reached with 66.6 g/L of Kraft lignin and a reaction time of 1.98 h. In conclusion, eco-friendlyoleogels obtained in this work fulfil the industrial requirements concerning their rheological properties to be considered as anefficient and biodegradable alternative to traditional lubricants containing lithium as the thickener. PB American Chemical Society SN 2168-0485 (electrónico) YR 2021 FD 2021 LK http://hdl.handle.net/10272/20810 UL http://hdl.handle.net/10272/20810 LA eng NO Domínguez, G., Blánquez, A., Borrero-López, A. M., Valencia, C., Eugenio, M. E., Arias, M. E., Rodríguez, J., & Hernández, M. (2021). Eco-Friendly Oleogels from Functionalized Kraft Lignin with Laccase SilA from Streptomyces ipomoeae: An Opportunity to Replace Commercial Lubricants. In ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering (Vol. 9, Issue 12, pp. 4611–4616). American Chemical Society (ACS). https://doi.org/10.1021/acssuschemeng.1c00113 NO We gratefully acknowledge the financial support given by theSpanish Ministry (MINECO) CTQ2014-56038- C3-1R andCTQ2014 56038-C3-2R. We also thank the FundaciónCarolina for the PhD fellowship awarded by G.D. DS Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de Huelva RD 31 may 2026