Naranjo Gómez, José ManuelGarrido Velarde, JacintoMartín Gallardo, JoséJurado Almonte, José ManuelMora Aliseda, JuliánCabezas Fernández, José2024-06-102024-06-102021NARANJO, J.M, GARRIDO, J., GALLARDO, J.M., JURADO, J.M., MORA, J. y CABEZAS, J. (2021): "The most meridional border in Europe. Demographic and environmental changes", en CASTANHO, R. A., COUTO, G, & SANTOS, R. (ed.): Peripheral, Territories, Tourism and Regional Development. Editorial IntechOpen, London. ISBN impreso: 978-1-83968-183-7. ISBN-e: 978-1-83968-184-4. Ebook: 978-1-83968-443-2. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.97566978-1-83968-184-4https://hdl.handle.net/10272/23851The authors wish to acknowledge funding for this research work from the VI Regional Research Plan and the Regional Government of Extremadura and the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF), associated with financing the research group Sustainable Development and Territorial Planning (GR18052), the Environmental Resources Analysis Research Group (GR18054), Functional Study of Mediterranean Ecosystems (GR18078) and Institute of Local Development (HUM260) from the University of Huelva.Between 38°50′30”N/7° 04’35 W and 37°10′13”N/7°23′38”W has located the southernmost border of Europe, which stands apart from Portugal and Spain, which separates part of Portugal and Spain, making it one of the furthest from the central European area. A feature of this Spanish-Portuguese border stretch is that it is closely linked to the Guadiana River, one of the major waterways that cross the Iberian Peninsula from east to west. In 1998, the Albufeira Convention was signed, romoting Iberian cooperation at a scientific and technical level to strengthen the links of communication and collaboration at the technical level - the challenge of shared management of the waters and international basins that affect both countries. The Convention presented challenges and objectives on which the competent administrations have been working since then. Another peculiarity of this territory, except in a few situations, is its low population density. Therefore, nowing the demographic and environmental changes of the municipalities bordering the ‘Raya’ (common name as the border is known in these areas) constitutes valuable information that leads to the territorial management of these peripheral areas.engAtribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 3.0 Españahttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/es/Cross-borderSustainabilityLandscapeTourismbook part10.5772/intechopen.97566open access54 Geografía25 Ciencias de la Tierra y del Espacio