Fundamentos, características y eficacia de la Psicoterapia Analítica Funcional
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Abstract
En este trabajo se exponen los fundamentos,
las características, y los principios conductuales
en los que se basa la Psicoterapia Analítica Funcional
(FAP) y sus recientes avances. Sus fundamentos
son: (a) el análisis funcional de la conducta del
cliente que ocurre durante la sesión, (b) las contingencias
de reforzamiento natural y el moldeamiento
que ocurren dentro de la sesión clínica, y
(c) la equivalencia funcional del contexto clínico
con la vida diaria del mismo. Se caracteriza por
definir unos objetivos de intervención, las denominadas
Conductas Clínicamente Relevantes
(CCR) y también cinco reglas terapéuticas como
orientaciones fundamentales para el terapeuta.
La FAP hace hincapié en la relación cliente-terapeuta,
y esto da la oportunidad de moldear y reforzar
in situ las mejoras en la propia sesión clínica.
Una sus mayores aportaciones es su teoría de
la formación del Yo que permite hacer un refinado
análisis de los problemas relacionados con la personalidad
y su tratamiento. Se describen también
los recientes estudios de efectividad y de eficacia
de esta terapia con resultados muy positivos en
distintos tipos de trastornos. Finalmente, se discute
su integración con otras terapias de tercera
generación, lo que produce efectos sinérgicos en
los resultados
In this work there are exposed the characteristics, the foundations and the behavioral roots that support the Functional Analytical Psychotherapy (FAP) and its recent advances. Their foundations are: (a) the functional analysis of the client’s direct behavior that happens during the session, (b) the shaping and natural contingencies of reinforcement that happen inside the clinical session, and (c) the functional equivalence between the clinical context and the daily life problems. As characteristics, FAP outlines some aims of intervention, referred to as Clinical Relevant Behavior (CRB); and also five therapeutic rules as fundamental guidance for the therapist. The FAP emphasized the client-therapist relationship, and this gives the opportunity to shape and to reinforce the improvements into the in situ clinical session. Their major conceptual contribution is the theory about the formation of Self, doing a refined analysis of the personality problems and its treatment. There are described also the recent studies of efficacy and effectiveness of this therapy with very positive results in different types of disorders. Finally, its integration with other therapies of third generation is discussed, which produces synergy effects in the results
In this work there are exposed the characteristics, the foundations and the behavioral roots that support the Functional Analytical Psychotherapy (FAP) and its recent advances. Their foundations are: (a) the functional analysis of the client’s direct behavior that happens during the session, (b) the shaping and natural contingencies of reinforcement that happen inside the clinical session, and (c) the functional equivalence between the clinical context and the daily life problems. As characteristics, FAP outlines some aims of intervention, referred to as Clinical Relevant Behavior (CRB); and also five therapeutic rules as fundamental guidance for the therapist. The FAP emphasized the client-therapist relationship, and this gives the opportunity to shape and to reinforce the improvements into the in situ clinical session. Their major conceptual contribution is the theory about the formation of Self, doing a refined analysis of the personality problems and its treatment. There are described also the recent studies of efficacy and effectiveness of this therapy with very positive results in different types of disorders. Finally, its integration with other therapies of third generation is discussed, which produces synergy effects in the results







