Dimensiones emergentes para la creación de una escala de percepción del tratamiento con sustitutivos opiáceos
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Abstract
La medida de la percepción y satisfacción del tratamiento
con los programas de sustitutivos opiáceos se ha centrado principalmente
en evaluar las propiedades del servicio ofrecido en
los centros de tratamiento. Más allá del contexto sanitario, estos
programas requieren una implicación de la vida personal y social
para su seguimiento. El objetivo de este trabajo es ofrecer un
marco teórico de referencia para la construcción de una escala
que mida de forma integral la percepción del tratamiento con
sustitutivos opiáceos.
Se ha utilizado una muestra de 18 pacientes de un estudio
piloto con buprenorfina, transferido desde un programa de tratamiento
con metadona, con indicación de retirada del tratamiento
–de régimen ambulatorio y residencial-, a los que se les realizó
una entrevista semiestructurada. El análisis de los datos se ha
realizado mediante la Teoría Fundamentada, y la codificación de
las dimensiones y del material se ha triangulado a través de tres
analistas especializados. Los resultados obtenidos señalan que
la percepción del tratamiento con sustitutivos de los pacientes
se vertebra sobre cinco dimensiones principales: el valor salud,
la adaptación a la vida cotidiana, el estigma, la retirada del tratamiento
y la eficacia percibida. Estos resultados son discutidos
con los encontrados en la literatura especializada.
The measurement of perception and satisfaction with opiate substitute treatment programmes has concentrated mainly on evaluating the properties of the service offered at treatment centres. Beyond the health-care context, these programmes need to become part of the patient’s personal and social life for them to be followed. The purpose of this work is to offer a theoretical frame of reference for the construction of a scale for integral measurement of patient perception of opiate substitute treatments. A sample of 18 outpatient and residential patients in a buprenorphine pilot study, transferred from a methadone treatment programme, who showed indications of abandoning treatment, was given a semi-structured interview. The data analysis was done based on the Grounded Theory, and the dimensions were coded and material triangulated by three specialized analysts. The results show that patient perception of treatment with substitutes is aligned in five main dimensions, value to health, adaptation to daily life, stigma, treatment withdrawal and perceived effectiveness. These results are discussed and compared to those found in specialised literature.
The measurement of perception and satisfaction with opiate substitute treatment programmes has concentrated mainly on evaluating the properties of the service offered at treatment centres. Beyond the health-care context, these programmes need to become part of the patient’s personal and social life for them to be followed. The purpose of this work is to offer a theoretical frame of reference for the construction of a scale for integral measurement of patient perception of opiate substitute treatments. A sample of 18 outpatient and residential patients in a buprenorphine pilot study, transferred from a methadone treatment programme, who showed indications of abandoning treatment, was given a semi-structured interview. The data analysis was done based on the Grounded Theory, and the dimensions were coded and material triangulated by three specialized analysts. The results show that patient perception of treatment with substitutes is aligned in five main dimensions, value to health, adaptation to daily life, stigma, treatment withdrawal and perceived effectiveness. These results are discussed and compared to those found in specialised literature.
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Bibliographic citation
Oscar Martín Lozano Rojas, Izaskun Bilbao Acedos, Francisco González Saiz, Rosario Ballesta Gómez. Dimensiones emergentes para la creación de una escala de percepción del tratamiento con sustitutivos opiáceos. Adicciones: Revista de Socidrogalcohol, ISSN 0214-4840, Vol. 20, Nº. 1, 2008, págs. 19-26.














