La calidad periodística en la cobertura de terremotos: Caso Ecuador
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Abstract
La calidad periodística remite a la rigurosidad
en el tratamiento de la información tanto en el
proceso de creación como de difusión de las
piezas informativas. En este artículo se analiza
la calidad de la cobertura de un terremoto,
dependiendo si los medios son locales o
extranjeros. Para ello se toma como referencia
el sismo del 16 de abril del 2016 acaecido en
Ecuador y se observan 64 variables de análisis
en dos periódicos: El Comercio de Quito
(Ecuador) y El País (España). El método utilizado
es mixto: desde lo cuantitativo se observan
volumen y selección temática, tipología de
fuentes y enfoques, géneros argumentativos y
gráficos. Desde lo cualitativo, se recogen las
perspectivas de los enviados especiales que
cubrieron los primeros instantes de la crisis, con
entrevistas realizadas a periodistas de diario El
Comercio de Perú y a periodistas de El Comercio de Ecuador, diario El Universo y
Teleamazonas. La muestra estuvo compuesta
por 1.126 piezas informativas de El Comercio y
44 de El País. Entre otros hallazgos, se concluye
que el interés de los medios, sean nacionales o
extranjeros, es intenso durante las primeras 48
horas tras el desastre. Luego, se mantiene viva
la coyuntura del hecho hasta el día 8, lapso en
que la agenda gira entorno a las consecuencias
del desastre natural y las historias de interés
humano.
The journalistic quality refers to the rigor in the treatment of information both in the process of creating and disseminating the news pieces. This article analyzes the quality of the coverage of an earthquake, depending on whether the media are local or foreign. For this, the earthquake of April 16, 2016 that occurred in Ecuador is taken as a reference and 64 analysis variables are observed in two newspapers: El Comercio de Quito (Ecuador) and El País (Spain). The method used is mixed: from the quantitative point of view volume and thematic selection, typology of sources and approaches, argumentative genres and graphics are observed. From the qualitative point of view, the perspectives of the special envoys who covered the first moments of the crisis are collected, with interviews carried out with journalists from the newspaper El Comercio in Peru and journalists from El Comercio in Ecuador, newspaper El Universo and Teleamazonas. The sample was made up of 1,126 informative pieces from El Comercio and 44 from El País. Among other findings, it is concluded that the interest of the media, whether national or foreign, is intense during the first 48 hours after the disaster. Then, the situation of the event is kept alive until the 8th, the time when the agenda revolves around the consequences of the natural disaster and stories of human interest.
The journalistic quality refers to the rigor in the treatment of information both in the process of creating and disseminating the news pieces. This article analyzes the quality of the coverage of an earthquake, depending on whether the media are local or foreign. For this, the earthquake of April 16, 2016 that occurred in Ecuador is taken as a reference and 64 analysis variables are observed in two newspapers: El Comercio de Quito (Ecuador) and El País (Spain). The method used is mixed: from the quantitative point of view volume and thematic selection, typology of sources and approaches, argumentative genres and graphics are observed. From the qualitative point of view, the perspectives of the special envoys who covered the first moments of the crisis are collected, with interviews carried out with journalists from the newspaper El Comercio in Peru and journalists from El Comercio in Ecuador, newspaper El Universo and Teleamazonas. The sample was made up of 1,126 informative pieces from El Comercio and 44 from El País. Among other findings, it is concluded that the interest of the media, whether national or foreign, is intense during the first 48 hours after the disaster. Then, the situation of the event is kept alive until the 8th, the time when the agenda revolves around the consequences of the natural disaster and stories of human interest.
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Bibliographic citation
Arrobo Agila, J. P., Mendoza Sierra, M., & Aguaded Gómez, J. I. (2020). La calidad periodística en la cobertura de terremotos: Caso Ecuador. Ámbitos. Revista Internacional de Comunicación, 50, 193–207. DOI: https://doi.org/10.12795/ambitos.2020.i50.13














