Análisis de los factores determinantes de microempresarios informales, 2016-2020
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Abstract
El objetivo de esta investigación es ofrecer una trayectoria de los factores
que determinan que los jefes de familia mexicanos decidan participar en el
sector microempresarial informal más visible; antes y durante COVID-19. Se
han utilizado los datos de la Encuesta Nacional de Ingresos y Gastos de los
Hogares (ENIGH) y elaborada por el Instituto Nacional de Estadística, Geografía
e Informática (INEGI) de México. Para su tratamiento y análisis se ha aplicado
un modelo de Heckit. Los hallazgos muestran que los ingresos son la causa
principal a la economía informal de los jefes de familia, confirmando así la
elección como solución de las dificultades económicas. Además, se demuestra
que existe una oferta laboral que excluye a la demanda con mayor nivel
educativo. Y, los emprendimientos informales se identifican por una mayor
remuneración por el tiempo empleado, flexibilidad y disminución del tiempo
de trabajo, participación de más miembros del hogar y una menor retribución
a las mujeres
The objective of this research is to offer a trajectory of the factors that determine that Mexican heads of families decide to participate in the most visible informal microenterprise sector; before and during COVID-19. The data from the National Household Income and Expenditure Survey (ENIGH) and prepared by the National Institute of Statistics, Geography and Informatics (INEGI) of Mexico have been used and a Heckit model has been applied for its treatment and analysis. The findings show that income is the main cause of the informal economy of the heads of family, thus confirming the choice as a solution to economic difficulties. In addition, it is shown that there is a labor supply that excludes the demand with a higher educational level. In addition, informal enterprises are identified by higher remuneration for time spent, flexibility and reduction in working time, participation of more household members, and lower remuneration for women
The objective of this research is to offer a trajectory of the factors that determine that Mexican heads of families decide to participate in the most visible informal microenterprise sector; before and during COVID-19. The data from the National Household Income and Expenditure Survey (ENIGH) and prepared by the National Institute of Statistics, Geography and Informatics (INEGI) of Mexico have been used and a Heckit model has been applied for its treatment and analysis. The findings show that income is the main cause of the informal economy of the heads of family, thus confirming the choice as a solution to economic difficulties. In addition, it is shown that there is a labor supply that excludes the demand with a higher educational level. In addition, informal enterprises are identified by higher remuneration for time spent, flexibility and reduction in working time, participation of more household members, and lower remuneration for women







