Comportamiento de los metales en un estuario afectado por drenaje ácido de mina durante un ciclo mareal (estuario del Río Tinto, SO España)
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Abstract
El estuario del Río Tinto está gravemente afectado por drenaje ácido de mina. En este trabajo se estudia el comportamiento de
los metales en las fases particulada y disuelta durante la mezcla de
agua ácida fluvial y agua alcalina de mar a lo largo de un ciclo mareal. Los valores de pH oscilaron entre 4,0 con la bajamar y 6,3 con la
pleamar. Durante la subida de la marea se produce una intensa precipitación de fases minerales de Fe y Al que pueden retirar de la disolución As y parte del Cu, Y y REE respectivamente. El As previamente retenido aumenta su proporción en la fase disuelta por encima
de pH ~ 5,4 probablemente debido a procesos de desorción. Otros
elementos como Co, Cd, Ni, y Zn se encuentran principalmente en
la fase disuelta mostrando un comportamiento cuasi-conservativo.
Durante la bajamar las concentraciones en disolución de todos los
elementos analizados aumentan por la mayor influencia fluvial; sin
embargo, las concentraciones de As aumentan también durante la
marea alta evidenciando los procesos de desorción a valores de pH
cercanos a la neutralidad. Comprender los procesos de sorción/desorción en estuarios es indispensable para predecir el comportamiento de los metales en estos medios
The Tinto River estuary is severely affected by acid mine drainage. In this work, the behaviour of metals in the particulate and dissolved phases during the mixing of acid fluvial water and alkaline sea water throughout a tidal cycle is studied. The pH values ranged from 4.0 at ebb tide to 6.3 at high tide. During the rise of the tides there is an intense precipitation of mineral phases of Fe and Al that may remove As from solution and to a lesser extent Cu, Y and REE respectively. The previously retained As increases its proportion in the dissolved phase above pH ~ 5.4 probably due to desorption processes. Other elements such as Co, Cd, Ni, and Zn are found mainly in the dissolved phase, which shows quasi-conservative behaviour. During low tide the concentrations in solution of all elements analysed increase due to the greater fluvial influence; however, As concentrations also increase during high tide, evidencing desorption processes at pH values close to neutrality. Understanding the sorption/desorption processes in estuaries is essential to predict the behaviour of metals in these environments.
The Tinto River estuary is severely affected by acid mine drainage. In this work, the behaviour of metals in the particulate and dissolved phases during the mixing of acid fluvial water and alkaline sea water throughout a tidal cycle is studied. The pH values ranged from 4.0 at ebb tide to 6.3 at high tide. During the rise of the tides there is an intense precipitation of mineral phases of Fe and Al that may remove As from solution and to a lesser extent Cu, Y and REE respectively. The previously retained As increases its proportion in the dissolved phase above pH ~ 5.4 probably due to desorption processes. Other elements such as Co, Cd, Ni, and Zn are found mainly in the dissolved phase, which shows quasi-conservative behaviour. During low tide the concentrations in solution of all elements analysed increase due to the greater fluvial influence; however, As concentrations also increase during high tide, evidencing desorption processes at pH values close to neutrality. Understanding the sorption/desorption processes in estuaries is essential to predict the behaviour of metals in these environments.














