El patrimonio litoral onubense: evolución de sus paisajes culturales y naturales a lo largo de su historia. Claves para su interpretación y divulgación
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Abstract
El litoral onubense queda definido por una amplia costa de playas aplaceradas con numerosas desembocaduras de
ríos. Éstos conforman paisajes de marismas y estuarios que, de manera histórica, han configurado el paisaje y el modelo de
poblamiento. La evolución de las masas forestales costeras de Huelva a lo largo del Holoceno refleja las intensas relaciones
hombre-medio en la zona, especialmente desde el 3000 BP (before present). El pinar de Pinus pinea es el protagonista de los
paisajes costeros, mientras que, en el interior, las masas forestales sufrieron procesos continuados de adehesamiento, llegando
a su desaparición en las zonas de mayor potencial agrícola. Este medio, además, supuso una importante fuente de recursos
económicos, caso de las pesquerías en época antigua, así como un litoral conectado con los más importantes circuitos comerciales
en clave diacrónica, gracias, entre otras actividades, a la exportación de las riquezas mineras de su interior. Prueba de ello es
el importante legado patrimonial que posee y que configura un paisaje cultural rico, diverso y con testimonios materiales de
diversa índole, yacimientos arqueológicos, estructuras portuarias, elementos defensivos, muelles industriales, etc.
The Huelva coastline is defined by a wide seaside of pleasant beaches with numerous river mouths that form landscapes of marshes and estuaries that, historically, have shaped the historic settlement. The evolution of the coastal forest masses of Huelva throughout the Holocene reflects the intense relations between man/environment since 3000 BP. The pine forest, Pinus pinea, is the protagonist of the coastal landscapes, while, inside, the forest masses suffered continuous processes of deforestation, reaching their disappearance in the areas with the greatest agricultural potential. In addition, this coast was an important source of economic resources, as in the case of fisheries in ancient times, as well as a coastline connected to the most important commercial circuits, thanks to among other activities, to the export of the mining wealth of its inside. Proof of this is the important heritage that it possesses and that configures a rich, diverse cultural landscape with material testimonies of various kinds, archaeological sites, port structures, defensive elements, industrial docks and so.
The Huelva coastline is defined by a wide seaside of pleasant beaches with numerous river mouths that form landscapes of marshes and estuaries that, historically, have shaped the historic settlement. The evolution of the coastal forest masses of Huelva throughout the Holocene reflects the intense relations between man/environment since 3000 BP. The pine forest, Pinus pinea, is the protagonist of the coastal landscapes, while, inside, the forest masses suffered continuous processes of deforestation, reaching their disappearance in the areas with the greatest agricultural potential. In addition, this coast was an important source of economic resources, as in the case of fisheries in ancient times, as well as a coastline connected to the most important commercial circuits, thanks to among other activities, to the export of the mining wealth of its inside. Proof of this is the important heritage that it possesses and that configures a rich, diverse cultural landscape with material testimonies of various kinds, archaeological sites, port structures, defensive elements, industrial docks and so.
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Bibliographic citation
Bermejo Meléndez, J.; Sánchez Hernando, L.J.; Campos Carrasco, J.M. & Ponce González, D. (2023). El patrimonio litoral onubense: evolución de sus paisajes culturales y naturales a lo largo de su historia. Claves para su interpretación y divulgación. In Vaquerizo-Gil, D.; Ruiz-Osuna, A. & Vázquez-Navajas, B. (Eds.). Claves para la definición de un paisaje cultural: Arqueología, patrimonio, didáctica y turismo en la cuenca del Guadalquivir (pp. 111-127). Archaeopress














