Avances clínicos para el tratamiento en la patología cardiovascular
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Abstract
La medicina es una ciencia en rápida evolución y tiene fundamento, en el mundo occidental, sobre la así
llamada “evidencia científica”, de modo que se utilizan solo los medicamentos y las técnicas que demuestren
eficacia y seguridad estadísticamente significativas. La cardiología es una especialidad médica en la cual la
presión para el desarrollo de nuevos fármacos y procedimientos es especialmente fuerte, dado que las patologías
cardiovasculares siguen siendo la primera causa de mortalidad y morbilidad en el mundo, y los nuevos avances
en este campo afectan a una amplia parte de la población general (McMurray JJ, 1998).
Además, en cardiología hay varias subespecialidades, que representan el nivel más avanzado de
conocimientos en esa específica parte de las patologías cardiovasculares. Estas subespecialidades cardiológicas
suelen ser: la cardiología clínica, que centra sus esfuerzos en el paciente, como pieza central de todo acto
médico, y busca además fortalecer los puentes de unión con la Atención Primaria para que la continuidad
asistencial favorezca su calidad de vida y su esperanza de vida; la hemodinámica y cardiología intervencionista,
cuyos profesionales se dedican o tienen interés en el diagnóstico y tratamiento de la enfermedad cardiovascular,
empleando técnicas de abordaje endovascular mediante catéter; la aritmología tiene un interés e implicación
especial con el ritmo y las arritmias cardiacas; por último la sección de insuficiencia cardiaca se ocupa de la salud
cardiovascular en el ámbito de la insuficiencia cardiaca.
La presente tesis doctoral, se enmarca en un proyecto de investigación que analiza los efectos de las
últimas técnicas y los últimos medicamentos sobre outcomes cardiológicos como reducción de eventos,
sobrevivencia, mejoría de la calidad de vida. Eso ha requerido analizar diferentes técnicas cardiológicas y
suministrar diferentes medicamentos.
Los proyectos de investigación que han servido de base para desarrollar esta tesis doctoral han sido
aprobados por el Comité Coordinador de Ética de la Investigación Biomédica de Andalucía, España, y registrado
con el apoyo de la Fundación Andaluza Beturia para la Investigación en Salud (FABIS). Para este proyecto se
estableció una colaboración entre la Universidad de Huelva y los tres hospitales de la provincia de Huelva, el
Hospital Universitario Juan Ramón Jiménez, el Hospital Comarcal Infanta Elena y el Hospital General de Riotinto.
En un estudio se incluyeron además otros hospitales españoles: Hospital Hospitalario Universitario de Albacete,
Hospital del Mar de Barcelona, Hospital Universitario Virgen de Valme de Sevilla, Hospital Fundación de Alcorcón de Madrid, Hospital Universitario General Yagüe de Burgos, Complejo hospitalario de Torrecárdenas de Almería,
Complejo hospitalario de Jaén, Hospital Joan XXIII de Tarragona, Hospital Universitario Insular de Gran Canaria.
Para concluir, señalar que el hilo que une toda esta investigación es la innovación en cardiología. Contribuir a la
difusión de estos nuevos medicamentos y técnicas puede representar un cambio radical en la calidad y duración
de vida de la población con enfermedad cardiovascular. Nuestra investigación indica que estas nuevas técnicas
son más efectivas y seguras que los métodos tradicionales.
Medicine is a rapidly evolving science and is based, in the Western world, on the so-called "scientific evidence", so that only drugs and techniques that demonstrate statistically significant efficacy and safety are used. Cardiology is a medical specialty in which the pressure for the development of new drugs and procedures is especially strong, given that cardiovascular diseases remain the leading cause of mortality and morbidity in the world, and new advances in this field affect a large part of the general population (McMurray JJ, 1998). In addition, in cardiology there are several subspecialties, which represent the most advanced level of knowledge in that specific part of cardiovascular pathologies. These cardiological subspecialties are usually: clinical cardiology, which focuses its efforts on the patient, as the central piece of all medical acts, and also seeks to strengthen the bridges of union with Primary Care so that the continuity of care favors their quality of life and life expectancy; hemodynamics and interventional cardiology, whose professionals are dedicated or have an interest in the diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular disease, using endovascular approach techniques by catheter; arrhythmology has a special interest and involvement with rhythm and cardiac arrhythmias; finally, the heart failure section deals with cardiovascular health in the field of heart failure. This doctoral thesis is part of a research project that analyzes the effects of the latest techniques and the latest drugs on cardiac outcomes such as reduction of events, survival, improvement of quality of life. This has required analyzing different cardiological techniques and administering different drugs. The research projects that have served as the basis for developing this doctoral thesis have been approved by the Coordinating Committee of Ethics of Biomedical Research of Andalusia, Spain, and registered with the support of the Andalusian Beturia Foundation for Health Research (FABIS). For this project, a collaboration was established between the University of Huelva and the three hospitals in the province of Huelva, the Juan Ramón Jiménez University Hospital, the Infanta Elena Regional Hospital and the Riotinto General Hospital. In one study, other Spanish hospitals were also included: Albacete University Hospital, Mar Hospital in Barcelona, Virgen de Valme University Hospital in Seville, Alcorcón Foundation Hospital in Madrid, General Yagüe University Hospital in Burgos, Torrecárdenas hospital complex in Almería, Jaén hospital complex, Joan XXIII Hospital in Tarragona, Insular University Hospital of Gran Canaria. To conclude, it's worth pointing out that the thread that ties this entire research together is innovation in cardiology. Contributing to the dissemination of these new drugs and techniques may represent a radical change in their quality and duration of life for the population with cardiovascular disease. Our research indicates that these new techniques are more effective and safer than traditional methods.
Medicine is a rapidly evolving science and is based, in the Western world, on the so-called "scientific evidence", so that only drugs and techniques that demonstrate statistically significant efficacy and safety are used. Cardiology is a medical specialty in which the pressure for the development of new drugs and procedures is especially strong, given that cardiovascular diseases remain the leading cause of mortality and morbidity in the world, and new advances in this field affect a large part of the general population (McMurray JJ, 1998). In addition, in cardiology there are several subspecialties, which represent the most advanced level of knowledge in that specific part of cardiovascular pathologies. These cardiological subspecialties are usually: clinical cardiology, which focuses its efforts on the patient, as the central piece of all medical acts, and also seeks to strengthen the bridges of union with Primary Care so that the continuity of care favors their quality of life and life expectancy; hemodynamics and interventional cardiology, whose professionals are dedicated or have an interest in the diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular disease, using endovascular approach techniques by catheter; arrhythmology has a special interest and involvement with rhythm and cardiac arrhythmias; finally, the heart failure section deals with cardiovascular health in the field of heart failure. This doctoral thesis is part of a research project that analyzes the effects of the latest techniques and the latest drugs on cardiac outcomes such as reduction of events, survival, improvement of quality of life. This has required analyzing different cardiological techniques and administering different drugs. The research projects that have served as the basis for developing this doctoral thesis have been approved by the Coordinating Committee of Ethics of Biomedical Research of Andalusia, Spain, and registered with the support of the Andalusian Beturia Foundation for Health Research (FABIS). For this project, a collaboration was established between the University of Huelva and the three hospitals in the province of Huelva, the Juan Ramón Jiménez University Hospital, the Infanta Elena Regional Hospital and the Riotinto General Hospital. In one study, other Spanish hospitals were also included: Albacete University Hospital, Mar Hospital in Barcelona, Virgen de Valme University Hospital in Seville, Alcorcón Foundation Hospital in Madrid, General Yagüe University Hospital in Burgos, Torrecárdenas hospital complex in Almería, Jaén hospital complex, Joan XXIII Hospital in Tarragona, Insular University Hospital of Gran Canaria. To conclude, it's worth pointing out that the thread that ties this entire research together is innovation in cardiology. Contributing to the dissemination of these new drugs and techniques may represent a radical change in their quality and duration of life for the population with cardiovascular disease. Our research indicates that these new techniques are more effective and safer than traditional methods.














