Tratamiento de la ludopatía en el ámbito familiar desde la perspectiva del trabajo social
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Abstract
Por ludopatía o juego compulsivo se entiende un fracaso crónico y progresivo en resistir los
impulsos a jugar. La conducta de juego compromete, rompe o lesiona los objetivos
personales, familiares o profesionales del jugador. Digamos que es un trastorno en el control
de los impulsos, que lleva al jugador a tener graves problemas tanto a nivel personal como
familiar, profesional y social, por tanto, con serias consecuencias para quien lo padece, como
pueden ser: malestar psicológico, manifestado con sintomatología ansiosa o depresiva;
aislamiento; ruina económica; conflictos familiares; y en ocasiones, incluso, pérdida del
puesto de trabajo y hasta de la propia familia.
Se trata de una patología declarada como enfermedad por la Organización Mundial de la
Salud y reconocida oficialmente por la Asociación de Psiquiatría Americana al incluirla en el
Manual Diagnóstico y Estadístico de los Trastornos Mentales (DSM).
Dado que tanto las causas como las consecuencias de la ludopatía tienen un carácter
multidimensional y afectan directamente al ámbito de la familia, es preciso que su
tratamiento se lleve a cabo desde una perspectiva multidisciplinar, siendo de vital importancia
la intervención del Trabajo Social, y mediante un enfoque integral, cuyo alcance transcienda al
directamente afectado, abordando, además, la problemática familiar.
El dispositivo en el que se trata el caso que se expone a continuación es una ONG
especializada en el tratamiento de la ludopatía.
We understand as compulsive gambling or problem gambling the chronic and progressive failure to resist the impulses to play. The gambling behavior jeopardizes harms and breaks the personal, familiar and professional goals of the gambler. It is an impulse control disorder, which leads the gambler to serious problems (in all levels: personal, family, professional and social) and severe consequences like psychological distress with anxious or depressive symptomatology; isolation; financial ruin; family conflicts and sometimes the gambler could lose his job or even his family. This pathology was declared illness by the World Health Organization and officially recognized by the American Psychiatric Organization as it was included in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM). In gambling disorders, both causes and consequences have a multidimensional profile and affect directly on the family. That is why it is necessary to tackle its treatment from a multidisciplinary perspective, being vital the Social Work contribution, using a comprehensive approach with a deeper range to reach not only the gambler needs, but also his family problems. The institution where the following case is treated is a NGO specialized in gambling recovery treatments.
We understand as compulsive gambling or problem gambling the chronic and progressive failure to resist the impulses to play. The gambling behavior jeopardizes harms and breaks the personal, familiar and professional goals of the gambler. It is an impulse control disorder, which leads the gambler to serious problems (in all levels: personal, family, professional and social) and severe consequences like psychological distress with anxious or depressive symptomatology; isolation; financial ruin; family conflicts and sometimes the gambler could lose his job or even his family. This pathology was declared illness by the World Health Organization and officially recognized by the American Psychiatric Organization as it was included in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM). In gambling disorders, both causes and consequences have a multidimensional profile and affect directly on the family. That is why it is necessary to tackle its treatment from a multidisciplinary perspective, being vital the Social Work contribution, using a comprehensive approach with a deeper range to reach not only the gambler needs, but also his family problems. The institution where the following case is treated is a NGO specialized in gambling recovery treatments.







