En los cabritos machos de regiones subtropicales, la exposición a días largos artificiales estimula una mayor tasa crecimiento, un mejor desarrollo e incrementa la glucemia
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Abstract
Antecedentes. Los pequeños rumiantes de regiones subtropicales son sensibles y responden fisiológicamente a los cambios en el fotoperiodo. En algunos sistemas de producción caprina del subtrópico, como los que existen en áreas semi-áridas de México, el principal objetivo es obtener, en el menor tiempo posible, machos con un adecuado peso y desarrollo corporal para la venta. Objetivo. Investigar si en cabritos machos, la exposición a días largos artificiales resulta en un mayor incremento de peso corporal y de la glucemia que en los animales mantenidos en fotoperiodo natural corto. Iniciando a finales de septiembre, 21 cabritos macho (13 ± 0.1 semanas de edad; promedio ± EEP) fueron asignados a uno de 2 grupos experimentales. En el grupo días cortos naturales, los machos fueron mantenidos bajo los días cortos del otoño-invierno (GDC, n =10). En el grupo días lagos artificiales, los machos fueron expuestos a un fotoperiodo de días largos artificiales que consistió de 16 h luz y 8 h de oscuridad (GDL, n = 11). El estudio duró hasta que los machos alcanzaran 35 semanas de edad y fueron alimentados en acuerdo a sus requerimientos nutricionales. Resultados. Durante el estudio, el peso corporal de los machos del GDL fue mayor que el de los machos del GDC (P < 0.05). Por ello, la ganancia diaria de peso (GDP) obtenida a las 23 semanas de edad fue mayor en los machos del GDL (165 g/día) que la registrada en los machos del GDC (143 g/día; P < 0.05). En algunos periodos los machos del GDL presentaron mayor IMC que los machos del GDC (P < 0.05). El perímetro torácico a la semana 32 fue mayor en los machos del GDL que en los machos del GDC (P < 0.05). La altura a la cruz no alcanzó diferencias significativas entre grupos en las comparaciones de las diferentes semanas (P > 0.05). Sin embargo, el total de altura a la cruz ganada durante el estudio fue significativamente mayor en los machos del GDL que en los machos del GDC (P < 0.01). Las concentraciones de glucosa en sangre en el ayuno en algunos periodos fueron mayores (P < 0.05) en los machos del GDL que en los del GDC. Implicaciones. El presente estudio demuestra que los días largos artificiales estimulan el crecimiento en cabras como ocurre en otros rumiantes. Conclusión. Se concluye que la exposición de los cabritos machos de regiones subtropicales a un fotoperiodo de días largos artificiales promueve un mayor peso corporal, un mejor crecimiento y eleva la glucemia comparado con los animales mantenidos en el fotoperiodo corto natural.
Background. Small ruminants from subtropical regions are sensitive to respond physiologically to natural photoperiodic changes. In some subtropical goat production systems as located in semi-arid areas of México, the main objective is to obtain in the shortest possible time, males with a suitable weight and body development for sale. Objective. The present study determines if the exposure to artificial long day photoperiod could promote a growth rate, body development and an increased glycemia in male goat kids compared with those under natural short days. Methodology. Starting on late September, 21 creole male goat kids (13 ± 0.1 week aged; mean ± SEM) were assigned to one of the two experimental groups. In the natural short days group, males remain under natural short days from autumn-winter (GDC, n = 10). In the artificial long days group, males were exposed to artificial photoperiod consisting in 16 h light and 8 h darkness (GDL, n = 11). The study lasted until the animals had 35 weeks of age. All animals were fed according their nutritional requirements. Results. During the study, the body weight of the GDL animals was higher than that of the GDCN males (P < 0.05). Due to this, the daily weight gain (GDP) obtained at 23 weeks of age was higher in the GDL males (165 g/day) than that registered in the GDC males (143 g/day; P <0.05). In some periods, the males of the GDL had higher body mass index (IMC) than the males of the GDC (P < 0.05). Thoracic perimeter at week 32 was greater in the GDL males than in the GDC males (P <0.05). The height at the withers did not reach significant differences in the comparisons between groups in the different weeks measured (P > 0.05). However, the total height at the withers gained during the study was significantly higher in the GDL males than in the GDC males (P < 0.01). Under fasting conditions, GDL males had higher levels (P < 0.05) of blood glucose in some periods than GDC males. Implications. The present study demonstrate that artificial long days stimulates growth in goats as occurs in other ruminants. Conclusion. Exposure of the male goat kids from subtropical regions to artificial long days, promotes a higher growth rate, better body development and increased glycemia compared to kids maintained under natural short-day photoperiods.
Background. Small ruminants from subtropical regions are sensitive to respond physiologically to natural photoperiodic changes. In some subtropical goat production systems as located in semi-arid areas of México, the main objective is to obtain in the shortest possible time, males with a suitable weight and body development for sale. Objective. The present study determines if the exposure to artificial long day photoperiod could promote a growth rate, body development and an increased glycemia in male goat kids compared with those under natural short days. Methodology. Starting on late September, 21 creole male goat kids (13 ± 0.1 week aged; mean ± SEM) were assigned to one of the two experimental groups. In the natural short days group, males remain under natural short days from autumn-winter (GDC, n = 10). In the artificial long days group, males were exposed to artificial photoperiod consisting in 16 h light and 8 h darkness (GDL, n = 11). The study lasted until the animals had 35 weeks of age. All animals were fed according their nutritional requirements. Results. During the study, the body weight of the GDL animals was higher than that of the GDCN males (P < 0.05). Due to this, the daily weight gain (GDP) obtained at 23 weeks of age was higher in the GDL males (165 g/day) than that registered in the GDC males (143 g/day; P <0.05). In some periods, the males of the GDL had higher body mass index (IMC) than the males of the GDC (P < 0.05). Thoracic perimeter at week 32 was greater in the GDL males than in the GDC males (P <0.05). The height at the withers did not reach significant differences in the comparisons between groups in the different weeks measured (P > 0.05). However, the total height at the withers gained during the study was significantly higher in the GDL males than in the GDC males (P < 0.01). Under fasting conditions, GDL males had higher levels (P < 0.05) of blood glucose in some periods than GDC males. Implications. The present study demonstrate that artificial long days stimulates growth in goats as occurs in other ruminants. Conclusion. Exposure of the male goat kids from subtropical regions to artificial long days, promotes a higher growth rate, better body development and increased glycemia compared to kids maintained under natural short-day photoperiods.
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Bibliographic citation
Vargas-Cruz, A,A, Zarazaga Garcés, L.A., Hernández, H.... et al.: En los cabritos machos de regiones subtropicales, la exposición a días largos artificiales estimula una mayor tasa crecimiento, un mejor desarrollo e incrementa la glucemia. Tropical and Subtropical Agroecosystems. Vol 25, No 2 (2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.56369/tsaes.4045














