Suicidal Behavior in Women as a Risk Factor Generated by the Invisibilization of Their Affective Sexual Diversity, Gender Identity and LGTBphobia

Abstract

Introduction: Suicidal manifestations during the invisibilization of sex-gender diversity arise from various factors. The link between internalized and externalized LGBTphobia and suicide is crucial, as both forms of discrimination can increase suicidal behaviors. Informal social networks are vital, offering support and community, but they can also exacerbate isolation if not managed properly. Research Objective: To analyze the manifestations of suicidal behaviors experienced during the period of invisibilization of gender diversity, considering the interrelation between internalized/externalized LGBTphobia and the role of informal support networks in addressing the issue under study. Methodology and Study Design: A qualitative, explanatory, and descriptive methodology was used, involving 40 Andalusian women from the LGBTQ+ community aged 40–70 years. The techniques employed included in-depth interviews/life histories and participant observation. Data exploitation was carried out using the ATLAS.ti 24 software. Results and Analysis: All participants concealed or denied their sex-gender diversity to avoid rejection. 72.5% reported suicidal ideation, primarily during adolescence, linked to LGBTphobia. After overcoming obstacles, they lived their identities openly without further suicidal thoughts. 10% experienced failed suicide attempts associated with extreme violence. 27.5% did not experience suicidal manifestations due to support from friends and family. Discussion: Suicidal behavior in women is closely tied to invisibilization and LGBTphobia, exacerbated by systemic discrimination. Addressing these risks requires strengthening public protection systems to ensure comprehensive services and assistance for the LGBTQ+ community. Additionally, professionals in social-healthcare, psychological, and educational fields must receive specialized training to provide culturally competent care, fostering inclusion and mental health support. Conclusions: Invisibilization and LGBTphobia can lead to suicidal ideation, which worsens in violent contexts. Visibility is crucial to recognizing diversity and combating oppressive structures.