Factores psicológicos y secuelas en estudiantes de educación primaria víctimas de acoso escolar

Abstract

Bullying continues to be a persistent phenomenon, with a strong association between being a victim of bullying and mental health problems throughout life. This research aims to identify the relationship between being a victim of bullying and some psychological problems (anxiety, self-esteem, social competence, family problems, and emotional regulation) in a sample of 924 5th and 6th grade students (Primary Education). in the province of Huelva (Spain). The sample was selected using a stratified proportional random cluster sampling. For this purpose, two scales have been administered, one for the detection of bullying (Bullying Detection Scale), and the other one for the detection of psychological factors (Psychological Characteristics Detection Scale). The Bullying Detection Scale was designed taking as reference the scales of Jiménez (2007), and López & Orpinas (2012), while the Psychological Characteristics Detection Scale was designed taking as reference the scale of Fernández-Pinto et al. (2015). The results show that students who are victims of bullying have more negative results than their peers in all psychological factors. These results highlight the importance of conducting research on bullying, since they are the basis for the development of preventive and intervention strategies from schools, with the support of the guidance professionals, which would lead to a decrease in the influence of this problem.