Análisis de las demandas fisiológicas en diferentes situaciones de juegos reducidos en fútbol
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Abstract
El objetivo de la investigación fue analizar las demandas
fisiológicas de jugadores de fútbol juveniles en diferentes situaciones de
juegos reducidos (JR). Para ello, se escogió una situación con el espacio
no orientado (JRM) y tres situaciones con el espacio orientado: una con
porteros y porterías reglamentarias (JRP), otra sin porteros y dos porterías
pequeñas (JRpp), y otra sin porteros y cuatro porterías pequeñas
(JR4pp). Las variables: número de jugadores, dimensiones del terreno de
juego y reglas, se mantuvieron constante en cada una de las
actividades. La muestra estuvo formada por 16 jugadores de dos clubes
de fútbol de la provincia de Huelva, ambos en categoría juvenil (M =
17.38; DT = .89), quienes completaron los cuatro JR. Se cuantificó la
frecuencia cardíaca (FC) máxima y la FC media de cada uno de los
ejercicios, además de una medición subjetiva del esfuerzo por parte de
los jugadores. Los resultados indican que existen diferencias en la FC
máxima presentada en los JR, siendo el valor de FC máxima mayor en
JR4pp. Por su parte, los jugadores de fútbol determinaron que la
actividad que les resultó de mayor intensidad fue el JRM. La variación
de los resultados se puede interpretar por diferentes factores como la
motivación de los jugadores o la finalidad de cada uno de los JR
The aim of the research was to study the response of the physiological demands of soccer players in junior category, in small-sided game (SSG). To do this, a situation with no oriented space (NSSG), and three situations oriented space was chosen: one with goalkeepers and regulatory goals (GSSG), another without goalkeepers and two little regulatory goals (2gSSG), and one without goalkeepers and four little goals (4gSSG). The variables: number of players, the field dimensions and rules, remained constant in each of the activities. The sample consisted of 16 players from two soccer clubs in the province of Huelva, both in the youth category (M = 17.38, SD =.89), who completed the four SSG. Maximum Heart Rate (HR) and average HR of each exercises, and the perceived exertion by soccer players was quantified. The results indicate that there are differences in the maximum HR presented in the SSG, being the maximum HR value higher in 4gSSG. For their part, soccer players determined that the activity that was most intense was the JRM. The variation in results can be interpreted by different factors such as the players' motivation or purpose of each SSG
The aim of the research was to study the response of the physiological demands of soccer players in junior category, in small-sided game (SSG). To do this, a situation with no oriented space (NSSG), and three situations oriented space was chosen: one with goalkeepers and regulatory goals (GSSG), another without goalkeepers and two little regulatory goals (2gSSG), and one without goalkeepers and four little goals (4gSSG). The variables: number of players, the field dimensions and rules, remained constant in each of the activities. The sample consisted of 16 players from two soccer clubs in the province of Huelva, both in the youth category (M = 17.38, SD =.89), who completed the four SSG. Maximum Heart Rate (HR) and average HR of each exercises, and the perceived exertion by soccer players was quantified. The results indicate that there are differences in the maximum HR presented in the SSG, being the maximum HR value higher in 4gSSG. For their part, soccer players determined that the activity that was most intense was the JRM. The variation in results can be interpreted by different factors such as the players' motivation or purpose of each SSG