El uso de mascarillas en la práctica de ejercicio físico de alta intensidad durante la pandemia
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Abstract
Fundamentos: El uso de mascarillas es una
de las medidas de protección ante la pandemia de
Covid-19. El tipo de mascarilla y cómo usarla durante
la realización de ejercicio físico ha generado
controversia. Este trabajo tuvo como objetivo analizar
el efecto del uso de mascarillas en la práctica
de ejercicio físico de alta intensidad.
Métodos: Se realizó una revisión exploratoria
consultando las bases de datos PubMed, Scopus,
Google Scholar y CUIDEN.
Resultados: Se describieron la fisiología respiratoria
en reposo, al realizar ejercicio físico intenso
y cómo afecta el uso de mascarillas durante el ejercicio
físico de alta intensidad, en relación con el intercambio
gaseoso.
Conclusiones: En caso de ejercicio físico intenso
no se aconseja el uso de mascarillas por el
efecto potenciador de la PCO2, ya que no permitiría
la expulsión completa del CO2 expirado y aumentaría
su concentración con el incremento fisiológico
de la frecuencia respiratoria propia del ejercicio.
Background: The use of masks is one of the measures to protect against the Covid-19 pandemic. The type of mask and how to use it during physical exercise has generated controversy. This work aims to analyse the effect of the use of masks in the practice of high intensity physical exercise. Methods: An exploratory review was conducted by querying the PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar and CUIDEN databases. Results: Respiratory physiology at rest and performing intense physical exercise was described, explaining how the use of masks during highintensity physical exercise affects it in relation to gas exchange. Conclusions: In case of intense physical exercise, the use of masks is not recommended because of the enhancing effect on PCO2. It would not allow the complete expulsion of the expired CO2 and would increase its concentration, along with the typical increase of the breathing rate during the exercise.
Background: The use of masks is one of the measures to protect against the Covid-19 pandemic. The type of mask and how to use it during physical exercise has generated controversy. This work aims to analyse the effect of the use of masks in the practice of high intensity physical exercise. Methods: An exploratory review was conducted by querying the PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar and CUIDEN databases. Results: Respiratory physiology at rest and performing intense physical exercise was described, explaining how the use of masks during highintensity physical exercise affects it in relation to gas exchange. Conclusions: In case of intense physical exercise, the use of masks is not recommended because of the enhancing effect on PCO2. It would not allow the complete expulsion of the expired CO2 and would increase its concentration, along with the typical increase of the breathing rate during the exercise.
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Bibliographic citation
Robles Romero, J.M., Conde Guillén, G., Blanco Guillena, M. ... Romero Martín M. (2020) El uso de mascarillas en la práctica de ejercicio físico de alta intensidad durante la pandemia. Revista Española de Salud Pública. 2020; 94: e202008108














