Revista de economía mundial -- V. 71., (2025)

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/10272/27686

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    Digitalización y empleo rural: un análisis de datos de panel en Europa
    (Universidad de Huelva, 2025) Trillo, David; Vicent, Lucía; Alonso, Nuria
    El foco de esta investigación es estudiar la relación entre la digitalización y el empleo en las áreas rurales de la Unión Europea (UE). En el artículo se profundiza en la delimitación conceptual del medio rural y en las dificultades metodológicas para definir las áreas rurales a partir de los indicadores convencionales de actividad económica e indicadores poblacionales y, siguiendo la literatura especializada, se realiza un análisis exploratorio de los datos disponibles para las áreas rurales, según el criterio de grado de urbanización en las áreas definidas en Eurostat. Sobre esa base se plantea un modelo de datos de panel con efectos fijos para el conjunto de la UE en el periodo 2010-2023, con objeto de contrastar la hipótesis de que las competencias digitales pueden ser determinantes en la explicación de la tasa de empleo en las áreas rurales en Europa, junto con las variables tradicionalmente vinculadas al desarrollo económico regional. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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    From Exclusion to Empowerment: Assessing Microcredit Impact on Women's Economic Life Improvement
    (Universidad de Huelva, 2025) Junaid Khan, Ali; Fayyaz, Sana; Gigauri, Iza; Khan, Subuhi; Popescu, Félix Ángel
    This research investigates the economic lives of women, in Bahawalpur, the southern Punjab region of Pakistan, with a particular emphasis on personal empowerment. It examines the key features of microcredit, including loan duration, loan size, loan-related training, loan purpose, and loan type. Data is obtained through a survey and analyzed using multinomial logit and probit models. Worsen, same, and improved were the three categories of economic status used in the study. The findings suggest that the likelihood of a deterioration in the economic circumstances of women decreases as the loan duration increases. Indeed, the impact of loan purpose and loan size is not entirely evident; in certain instances, their impact has been determined to be somewhat weak or ambiguous. The findings indicate that the success of microcredit is contingent upon the loan’s structure, as well as the attendant support and availability of funds. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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    Las instituciones importan en las actividades de innovación: un análisis bibliométrico
    (Universidad de Huelva, 2025) Carrillo Pulido, Cristina; Ortega Aguaza, Bienvenido; Rodríguez Cohard, Juan Carlos
    La participación de los gobiernos en las actividades de innovación no se limita exclusivamente a la implementación de políticas de apoyo a la I+D. Dado que los avances tecnológicos se desarrollan en un marco institucional y de negocios determinado, en última instancia, un papel clave de los gobiernos en este proceso consiste en la creación de un entorno adecuado que promueva los incentivos necesarios para que la generación de conocimiento sea posible y que, posteriormente, los desarrollos científicos derivados sean adoptados eficazmente por parte de las empresas. En este contexto, este artículo busca contribuir a la literatura sobre las relaciones entre instituciones e innovación mediante un análisis bibliométrico para el período 1990-2021. Los resultados muestran cómo, aunque el contexto institucional ha recibido cada vez más atención, quedan aún por desarrollar líneas de investigación relevantes, particularmente las relacionadas con el papel de las instituciones informales como posibles moderadoras de estos procesos. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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    Effect of Shift Work on Health and Job Satisfaction of European Workers (EU-28): A Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Study
    (Universidad de Huelva, 2025) Sánchez Sellero, María Carmen; Sánchez Sellero, Pedro; Fernández Sánchez, Elena
    This study examines job satisfaction and health status among shift workers, as well as the potential relationships between these two dimensions, using data from the EU-28. The methodology includes correlation matrix, correspondence analysis, and logistic regression. The results indicate that workers on rotating shifts are the most negatively affected group. Shift workers are 1.321 times less likely to report job satisfaction compared to non-shift workers, while individuals who rate their health as very good are 4.757 times more likely to be satisfied with their jobs than those in the reference category. In most EU-28 countries, the proportion of shift workers who report being very satisfied is higher than that of those who describe themselves as very healthy. There is a direct relationship between subjective perceptions of job satisfaction and health. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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    Finance and Inequality: Fresh Evidence From Selected Countries
    (Universidad de Huelva, 2025) Berke, Burcu; Akarsu, Gülsüm
    It is noteworthy that a relationship exists between increasing income inequality and global financial development. The primary objective of this study is to challenge the validity of the financial Kuznets curve by employing the panel data method for high-income, upper-middle-income, lower-middle-income, and all countries from 2010 to 2021. Empirical findings suggest that the invalidity of the relevant curve for these markets may vary after accounting for the effects of additional control variables. The literature identifies several key factors contributing to income inequality, typically including levels of growth, education, openness, public spending, foreign direct investment, urbanization, structural transformation, and technological development. These factors are also considered in this study as control variables. This study demonstrates the importance of examining the heterogeneous effects of financial development on income inequality across different country groups. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------