Divulgación científica en YouTube y su credibilidad para docentes universitarios
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Abstract
Los artículos, libros, capítulos, conferencias y seminarios tradicionales
dan paso a nuevas herramientas de difusión del conocimiento científico
como las redes sociales, apostando por la concepción de la ciencia
abierta. Esta se entiende como la distribución pública de los resultados de
investigación de forma deliberada, para que el público acceda libremente
a los conocimientos universales. De este contexto, nace el presente estudio,
que tiene por objetivo reconocer temáticas científicas en tendencia
propuestas por jóvenes youtubers dedicados a la divulgación científica, así
como obtener una valoración de docentes en Educación Superior sobre la
fiabilidad y conveniencia de los contenidos y argumentos proporcionados
por esta vía. El procedimiento metodológico parte de una exploración cuanti-cualitativa mediante análisis de contenido de cuatro canales con
12 unidades audiovisuales y 144 minutos de visionado, y de un cuestionario
online que acoge la opinión de 205 investigadores universitarios. Los
resultados cualitativos presentan un índice medio-alto de rigurosidad,
credibilidad y fiabilidad por parte de los youtubers, así como un interés de
los usuarios por las pseudociencias, las enfermedades de transmisión sexual,
las matemáticas y las creencias dogmáticas. Contrariamente, los docentes
encuestados declaran una falta de coherencia y criterio científico por parte
de los influencers, requiriendo su participación en proyectos que avalen sus
argumentos. Esta paradoja apunta hacia YouTube como una plataforma
reveladora para la comunicación del saber, dirigida esencialmente a los
jóvenes y sustentada por la libertad para aprender y enseñar ciencia. Se
introduce, en suma, una nueva, innovadora y juvenil vía de difusión del
conocimiento más controvertido, político, social y educativo, mediante
recursos audiovisuales online, sociales y generalistas.
Traditional articles, books, chapters, conferences and seminars give way to new tools for disseminating scientific knowledge such as social media, betting on the concept of open science. This is understood as the public distribution of research results in a deliberate way, so that the public has free access to universal knowledge. This study was born from this context, which aims to recognize scientific issues in trends proposed by young Youtubers dedicated to the dissemination of science. Also, to obtain an assessment of professors in Higher Education on the reliability and appropriateness of the contents and arguments provided by this route. The methodological procedure is based on a quantitative-qualitative exploration through content analysis of four channels with 12 audiovisual units and 144 minutes of viewing, and an online questionnaire that receives the opinion of 205 university researchers. The qualitative results present a medium-high index of rigour, credibility and reliability on the part of Youtubers, as well as users’ interest in pseudosciences, sexually transmitted diseases, mathematics and dogmatic beliefs. In contrast, the professors surveyed declare a lack of coherence and scientific criteria on the part of the influencers, demanding their participation in projects that support their arguments. This paradox points to YouTube as a revealing platform for the communication of knowledge, essentially aimed at young people and sustained by the freedom to learn and teach science. In short, it introduces a new, innovative and youthful way of disseminating the most controversial, political, social and educational knowledge through online audiovisual, social and general resources.
Traditional articles, books, chapters, conferences and seminars give way to new tools for disseminating scientific knowledge such as social media, betting on the concept of open science. This is understood as the public distribution of research results in a deliberate way, so that the public has free access to universal knowledge. This study was born from this context, which aims to recognize scientific issues in trends proposed by young Youtubers dedicated to the dissemination of science. Also, to obtain an assessment of professors in Higher Education on the reliability and appropriateness of the contents and arguments provided by this route. The methodological procedure is based on a quantitative-qualitative exploration through content analysis of four channels with 12 audiovisual units and 144 minutes of viewing, and an online questionnaire that receives the opinion of 205 university researchers. The qualitative results present a medium-high index of rigour, credibility and reliability on the part of Youtubers, as well as users’ interest in pseudosciences, sexually transmitted diseases, mathematics and dogmatic beliefs. In contrast, the professors surveyed declare a lack of coherence and scientific criteria on the part of the influencers, demanding their participation in projects that support their arguments. This paradox points to YouTube as a revealing platform for the communication of knowledge, essentially aimed at young people and sustained by the freedom to learn and teach science. In short, it introduces a new, innovative and youthful way of disseminating the most controversial, political, social and educational knowledge through online audiovisual, social and general resources.
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Bibliographic citation
Vizcaíno Verdú, A., Casas Moreno, P. de, Contreras Pulido, P. (2020). Divulgación científica en YouTube y su credibilidad para docentes universitarios. Educación XX1, 23(2). DOI: https://doi.org/10.5944/educxx1.25750












