Optimización de las variables implicadas en el proceso de compostaje de RSU para minimizar la emisión de compuestos orgánicos volátiles
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Abstract
La generación de olores emitidos por las plantas de compostaje supone un gran
impacto ambientan proveniente del manejo de Residuos Sólidos Urbanos (RSU).
Parámetros como composición de residuos, tecnología de compostaje, tiempo de
residencia, temperatura, cantidad de aire añadido y humedad deben ser
consideradas para evitar una excesiva emisión de Compuestos Orgánicos Volátiles
(COVs).
El trabajo de investigación tiene como objetivo principal la optimización de las
variables implicadas en el proceso de compostaje de RSU para obtener una mejor
calidad con los menores efectos posibles sobre el medio ambiente.
Se han identificado, caracterizado y cuantificado los principales COVs producidos
en distintos compostajes de RSU, variando parámetros fundamentales del proceso
y midiendo mediante CG-Ms y nariz electrónica. Entre los compuestos más
significativos para evaluar la evolución del compostajc: a-pineno, 3-careno, Bpineno,
limoneno, n-hexano, ciclohexano, dodecano, n-heptano, undecano,
hexadecano, benceno, fenol, tolueno etil caproato, ácido palmítico y 2-butanona.
The odor emitted from composting plants is a major impact in Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) handling. Parameters such as wastc composition, composting technology, residcncc time, temperature, acration and moisture must must be regarded to avoid excessive Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) cmission. The research's main objective is thc optimization of the variables involved in the MSW composting process to get a better quality according with the mínimum effects on the cnvironment. The main VOCs produced undcr different MSW composting processes have been identitied, characterized and quantified. The selected VOCs have been measured by GC-MS and e-nose. Among VOCs in composting: a-pinenc, 3-carene, p-pinene, limonene, n-hexane, cyclohexane, dodccane, n-heptane, undccane, hcxadecane, benzene, phenol, tolucne, ethyl caproatc, palmitic acid and 2-butanone can be highlighted.
The odor emitted from composting plants is a major impact in Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) handling. Parameters such as wastc composition, composting technology, residcncc time, temperature, acration and moisture must must be regarded to avoid excessive Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) cmission. The research's main objective is thc optimization of the variables involved in the MSW composting process to get a better quality according with the mínimum effects on the cnvironment. The main VOCs produced undcr different MSW composting processes have been identitied, characterized and quantified. The selected VOCs have been measured by GC-MS and e-nose. Among VOCs in composting: a-pinenc, 3-carene, p-pinene, limonene, n-hexane, cyclohexane, dodccane, n-heptane, undccane, hcxadecane, benzene, phenol, tolucne, ethyl caproatc, palmitic acid and 2-butanone can be highlighted.














