Regulación emocional y terapias psicológicas empíricamente apoyadas: Confluencias, complementariedades y divergencias
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Abstract
Teniéndose como referencia el Modelo Procesual Extendido de regulación emocional de Gross (2015a) se realiza un breve relevamiento de diversos conceptos y procesos provenientes de distintos ámbitos de la investigación
básica y aplicada vinculados con las terapias contextuales
y cognitivo-conductuales. Esto permite vincular distintos
procesos de cambio con los componentes de las etapas
de regulación contempladas en el modelo. Se propone
que en algunos de estos procesos de cambio el sistema
de segundo orden se enfocaría principalmente en los
componentes del sistema de valoración que da lugar a la
emoción (por ej. modificación, distracción o reevaluación
de la situación), mientras que en otros tendría como objeto principal sus propios procesos, especialmente los de
la etapa de identificación (por ej. aceptación, atención o
reevaluación de la emoción), aunque no exclusivamente.
Las intervenciones de las terapias cognitivo-conductuales tradicionales parecen promover el uso de estrategias
orientadas a producir cambios sobre todo en el sistema
de valoración de primer orden, mientras que, las terapias
contextuales y cognitivo-conductuales más recientes se
focalizan mucho más en los procesos de la etapa de identificación del sistema de segundo orden. Estas divergencias se aprecian más claramente cuando se considera el
lugar destacado que ocupa la aceptación, la consciencia
emocional y el distanciamiento/defusión cognitiva en estas últimas.
Taking as a reference the Extended Process Model of emotional regulation of Gross (2015a), a brief review of various concepts and processes coming from different areas of the basic and applied research related to contextual and cognitive-behavioral therapies is carried out. This makes it possible to link different processes of change with the components of the regulation stages contemplated in the model. It is proposed that in some of these change processes the secondorder system would focus mainly on the components of the appraisal system that give rise to the emotion (e. g., modification, distraction, or reappraisal of the situation), while in others it would have as the main object their own processes, especially those of the identification stage (e. g., acceptance, attention, or reappraisal of the emotion), although not exclusively. The interventions of traditional cognitive-behavioral therapies seem to promote the use of strategies aimed at producing changes, especially in the first-order evaluation system, while the most recent contextual and cognitive-behavioral therapies focus much more on the processes of the identification stage of the second-order system. These divergences are more clearly appreciated when considering the prominent place occupied by acceptance, emotional awareness and distancing/ cognitive defusion in these last.
Taking as a reference the Extended Process Model of emotional regulation of Gross (2015a), a brief review of various concepts and processes coming from different areas of the basic and applied research related to contextual and cognitive-behavioral therapies is carried out. This makes it possible to link different processes of change with the components of the regulation stages contemplated in the model. It is proposed that in some of these change processes the secondorder system would focus mainly on the components of the appraisal system that give rise to the emotion (e. g., modification, distraction, or reappraisal of the situation), while in others it would have as the main object their own processes, especially those of the identification stage (e. g., acceptance, attention, or reappraisal of the emotion), although not exclusively. The interventions of traditional cognitive-behavioral therapies seem to promote the use of strategies aimed at producing changes, especially in the first-order evaluation system, while the most recent contextual and cognitive-behavioral therapies focus much more on the processes of the identification stage of the second-order system. These divergences are more clearly appreciated when considering the prominent place occupied by acceptance, emotional awareness and distancing/ cognitive defusion in these last.







