Autonomía, tolerancia y civilización
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Abstract
En este artículo analizo las posiciones contrapuestas de
Samuel P. Huntington y Tzvetan Todorov acerca del llamado ‘choque de
civilizaciones’. Aun defendiendo la posición de Todorov, dirijo dos
críticas a su planteamiento. En primer lugar, sostengo que la distinción
entre «civilización» y «cultura» ha de ser preservada, pues se trata de
conceptos que pertenecen a distintas categorías, y ambos tienen un
interesante poder explicativo. En segundo lugar, cuestiono que el modelo
de convivencia que defiende Todorov, apoyado sobre los pilares de la
autonomía y la tolerancia, sea tan neutro y susceptible de universalización
como él lo plantea. Por el contario, sostengo que se concreta
necesariamente en un modelo de identidad humana muy específico y
no exento de controversia, cuyos rasgos describo aquí
In this paper I analyse Samuel P. Huntington’s and Tzvetan Todorov’s opposed opinions on the so called ‘clash of civilisations’. I defend Todorov’s views, but my I aim here is to level two pieces of criticism at his position. Firstly, I claim that the distinction between «civilization» and «culture» ought to be preserved, since each concept belongs to a different category, and both of them are valuable from an explanatory point of view. Secondly, I question that the model of coexistence defended by Todorov —which is based on the respect for autonomy and tolerance— is so neutral as he believes, and so susceptible to be universalised. On the contrary, I claim that it is necessarily fulfilled in a very specific and controversial conception of human identity, whose main traits I describe here.
In this paper I analyse Samuel P. Huntington’s and Tzvetan Todorov’s opposed opinions on the so called ‘clash of civilisations’. I defend Todorov’s views, but my I aim here is to level two pieces of criticism at his position. Firstly, I claim that the distinction between «civilization» and «culture» ought to be preserved, since each concept belongs to a different category, and both of them are valuable from an explanatory point of view. Secondly, I question that the model of coexistence defended by Todorov —which is based on the respect for autonomy and tolerance— is so neutral as he believes, and so susceptible to be universalised. On the contrary, I claim that it is necessarily fulfilled in a very specific and controversial conception of human identity, whose main traits I describe here.







