Índice de desempeño logístico : exportaciones europeas
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Abstract
La globalización ha dado lugar a que las economías con mejor logística
puedan crecer más rápido, ser más competitivas y tiendan a incrementar su inversión.
Todo ello, conduce a considerar que el desempeño logístico es uno de
los factores claves del comercio internacional. El objetivo del artículo es analizar
los determinantes de las exportaciones de la Unión Europea (UE), donde
la importancia de la logística es fundamental para su desarrollo internacional.
Se ha considerado al Índice de Desempeño Logístico (IDL) publicado por el
Banco Mundial como una buena proxy de las facilitaciones de comercio, sin
llegar a cubrir todo su concepto. Además, un segundo objetivo es identificar si
los cambios en el desempeño logístico entre 2005 y 2010 influyen de distinta
forma en 4 grupos de productos clasificados según su complejidad logística.
La metodología aplicada es el enfoque econométrico de los modelos de gravedad
a partir de la aplicación del procedimiento de Heckman en dos etapas,
que permite eliminar el sesgo de la muestra producido por los flujos de comercio
nulos. El trabajo empírico realizado revela la mayor preponderancia de la
logística exportadora, detectando cierta ralentización en la mejora de la misma
durante el periodo analizado, salvo en aquellos productos donde la dificultad
de su transporte la coloca en una posición clave.
Globalization hasled to better logistics economies can grow faster, be more competitive and tend to increase their investment. This leads to consider the logistics performance as one of the key factors of international trade. The aim of the paper is to analyze the determinants of exports from the European Union(EU), where the importance of logistics is critical to his international development. It has been considered the Logistics Performance Index(LPI) published by the World Bank as a good proxy of trade facilitations, without covering the whole concept. Furthermore, a second objective is to identify whether changes in logistics performance between 2005 and 2010 influenced differently in 4 groups of products ranked by logistical complexity. The methodology use this the econometric approach of gravity models from the application of the Heckman two-step, which removes the bias of the sample produced by zero trade flows. The empirical work reveals the greater preponderance of export logistics, detecting certain slow down in the improvement of the same during the period analyzed, except for those products where the difficulty of transportation puts in a key position.
Globalization hasled to better logistics economies can grow faster, be more competitive and tend to increase their investment. This leads to consider the logistics performance as one of the key factors of international trade. The aim of the paper is to analyze the determinants of exports from the European Union(EU), where the importance of logistics is critical to his international development. It has been considered the Logistics Performance Index(LPI) published by the World Bank as a good proxy of trade facilitations, without covering the whole concept. Furthermore, a second objective is to identify whether changes in logistics performance between 2005 and 2010 influenced differently in 4 groups of products ranked by logistical complexity. The methodology use this the econometric approach of gravity models from the application of the Heckman two-step, which removes the bias of the sample produced by zero trade flows. The empirical work reveals the greater preponderance of export logistics, detecting certain slow down in the improvement of the same during the period analyzed, except for those products where the difficulty of transportation puts in a key position.







