Conocimiento numérico cuantitativo y léxico : evidencia de doble disociación
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Abstract
El objetivo de este trabajo es determinar las implicaciones de una lesión cerebral concreta en el sistema
de procesamiento numérico y el cálculo. El método empleado es el estudio de caso único, mediante
la aplicación de pruebas de evaluación neuropsicológica. Los datos evidencian una doble disociación
entre conocimiento numérico cuantitativo y cualitativo o léxico. Por un lado, la paciente M.C.
preserva el conocimiento numérico cuantitativo tal como muestran los resultados en tareas de comprensión
numérica y cálculo, sin embargo, presenta graves alteraciones en conocimiento numérico cualitativo.
Por otra parte, M.L. conserva el conocimiento numérico cualitativo o léxico pero tiene gravemente
alteradas las habilidades que requieren de la manipulación interna de cantidades, es decir, del
conocimiento numérico cuantitativo. Estos resultados tienen dos implicaciones importantes: Primero,
el conocimiento numérico cuantitativo podría estar compuesto por elementos susceptibles de dañarse
de manera independiente. Y segundo, el conocimiento numérico cuantitativo es funcionalmente independiente
del cualitativo.
The aim of this work was to explain the involvement of a specific brain injury in the numerical processing and calculation system. The method employed was «single case» analysis and the administration of various cognitive neuropsychology tests. The results of this study revealed a double dissociation between quantitative numerical knowledge and qualitative or lexical numerical knowledge. Patient M.C. preserved quantitative numerical knowledge, as indicated by the results obtained in the numerical comprehension and calculation tasks. However, she showed a drastic deficit in qualitative numerical knowledge. On the other hand, patient M.L. preserved qualitative numerical knowledge, but she had serious problems in all the abilities that require internal manipulation of magnitude; that is, quantitative numerical knowledge. These results have two important implications, as conclusions: firstly, quantitative numerical knowledge may be made up of different elements susceptible to damage independently. And secondly, quantitative and qualitative numerical knowledge were functionally independent
The aim of this work was to explain the involvement of a specific brain injury in the numerical processing and calculation system. The method employed was «single case» analysis and the administration of various cognitive neuropsychology tests. The results of this study revealed a double dissociation between quantitative numerical knowledge and qualitative or lexical numerical knowledge. Patient M.C. preserved quantitative numerical knowledge, as indicated by the results obtained in the numerical comprehension and calculation tasks. However, she showed a drastic deficit in qualitative numerical knowledge. On the other hand, patient M.L. preserved qualitative numerical knowledge, but she had serious problems in all the abilities that require internal manipulation of magnitude; that is, quantitative numerical knowledge. These results have two important implications, as conclusions: firstly, quantitative numerical knowledge may be made up of different elements susceptible to damage independently. And secondly, quantitative and qualitative numerical knowledge were functionally independent
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Bibliographic citation
Alameda Bailén, J.R., Salguero Alcañiz, M.P., Lorca Marín, J.A.: "Conocimiento numérico cuantitativo y léxico : evidencia de doble disociación". Psicothema. Vol. 19, nº 3, págs. 381-387 (2007). ISSN 0214 - 9915














