Aprendizaje basado en el modelo STEM y la clave de la metacognición
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Abstract
En este trabajo se aborda cómo, a lo largo de
los últimos años, la investigación educativa
ha contribuido a cambiar la perspectiva de la
enseñanza-aprendizaje. Para ello se estudia
el proceso de adquisición de conocimientos,
destrezas y actitudes, realizando una
aproximación epistemológica al modo en
que las personas aprenden, y cómo deben
adaptarse en función de ello los métodos, los
procedimientos y las técnicas didácticas. Se
realiza una conceptualización de la
inteligencia a tenor de las investigaciones
realizadas en los últimos años, así como de
nuevas formas de enseñanza–aprendizaje
basadas en el modelo STEM (science,
technology, engineering and mathematics)
como forma de integrar estas áreas de
aprendizaje de un modo eminentemente
práctico, centrado en la experiencia de
docentes y discentes, desplazando la mera
adquisición de conocimientos. Todo ello se
enmarca en un proceso de aprendizaje
metacognitivo cuya finalidad es que el
alumno aprenda a aprender, integrando
aspectos como el aprendizaje significativo,
la metamemoria, la metacomprensión, la
metalectura y la metaescritura. El tipo de
aprendizaje y competencias necesarias para
el futuro es desconocido, por lo que se hace necesaria una reflexividad continua sobre los
contenidos y las metodologías de
aprendizaje, aspecto que pasa por un cambio
curricular y metodológico que tenga
presente distintos contextos y modelos de
aprendizaje.
This work deals with how, over the last few years, educational research has contributed to changing the perspective on teachinglearning process. To this aim, the process of acquiring knowledge, skills, and attitudes are studied, making an epistemological approach to how people learn and how methods, procedures and didactic techniques should be adapted accordingly. Intelligence is conceptualized on the basis of the research carried out in recent years, as well as new forms of teaching-learning based on the STEM model (science, technology, engineering and mathematics) as a way of integrating these learning areas in an eminently practical way, centered on the experience of teachers and learners, displacing the mere acquisition of knowledge. All this is framed within a metacognitive learning process whose purpose is that the student learns to learn, integrating aspects such as significant learning, metamemory, meta-comprehension, meta-reading and meta-writing. The type of learning and skills needed for the future is unknown, which makes it necessary to continuously reflect on the contents and methodologies of learning, an aspect that involves a curricular and methodological change that takes into account different learning contexts and models.
This work deals with how, over the last few years, educational research has contributed to changing the perspective on teachinglearning process. To this aim, the process of acquiring knowledge, skills, and attitudes are studied, making an epistemological approach to how people learn and how methods, procedures and didactic techniques should be adapted accordingly. Intelligence is conceptualized on the basis of the research carried out in recent years, as well as new forms of teaching-learning based on the STEM model (science, technology, engineering and mathematics) as a way of integrating these learning areas in an eminently practical way, centered on the experience of teachers and learners, displacing the mere acquisition of knowledge. All this is framed within a metacognitive learning process whose purpose is that the student learns to learn, integrating aspects such as significant learning, metamemory, meta-comprehension, meta-reading and meta-writing. The type of learning and skills needed for the future is unknown, which makes it necessary to continuously reflect on the contents and methodologies of learning, an aspect that involves a curricular and methodological change that takes into account different learning contexts and models.
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Bibliographic citation
Bautista Vallejo, J. M., & Hernández Carrera, R. M. (2020). Aprendizaje basado en el modelo STEM y la clave de la metacognición. Innoeduca. International Journal of Technology and Educational Innovation, 6(1), 14–25. DOI: https://doi.org/10.24310/innoeduca.2020.v6i1.6719














