Revista de economía mundial -- V. 66., (2024)

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/10272/23491

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    Precariousness in Employment Mediated by Digital Platforms. Evidence from Europe
    (Universidad de Huelva, 2024) Andrés Pérez, María Isabel de; Congregado Ramírez de Aguilera, Emilio; Román Díaz, María Concepción
    Is precarity inherent to employment when it is mediated by a digital platform, or does employment precarity have other causes? Using the first wave of the European survey on collaborative economy and employment (COLLEEM, hereinafter), we identify different types of precarity among platform workers by using different operationalizations of this phenomenon. Our results indicate that i) the probability of precarity in on-demand platform work varies according to the type of employment and to certain sociodemographic characteristics; ii) findings are sensitive to the dimension of precarity that we address; and iii) self-employed individuals and those workers who access digital platform jobs as last resort have a more positive perception of working conditions in the sector than salaried employees and those whose reason for entry was not the lack of alternative employment. The study provides guidelines for the effective design of mitigation policies to protect workers in the digitalized EU labour market.
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    The Impact of Regulation on Environmental Performance: an Analysis for European Countries
    (Universidad de Huelva, 2024) Lucena Giraldo, Javier; Rodríguez Crespo, Ernesto; Salazar Elena, Juan Carlos
    This study provides new evidence on factors driving firms’ eco-innovation in the European Union based on data from the Community Innovation Survey for the years 2008 and 2014 for eleven European countries. Firstly, our findings reveal that the propensity to eco-innovate changes over time. Secondly, the propensity to eco-innovate is unequally distributed across sectors, given that it is concentrated in a few sectors. Thirdly, we find that sectoral behavior is strongly influenced by the taxonomy of green sectors introduced by the European Union, since the propensity to innovate is higher in the carbon leakage taxonomy than in the mitigation and adaptation taxonomy. These results provide further insights into the sectoral factors driving eco-innovation diffusion. Moreover, these findings are relevant to increase environmental stringency, as they contribute to the diffusion of eco-innovation across sectors, especially in those that do not innovate.
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    El desarrollo sostenible en la Unión Europea: análisis del desempeño relativo mediante un indicador sintético dinámico
    (Universidad de Huelva, 2024) Gozalo Delgado, Mariola; Landaluce Calvo, María Isabel
    En la actualidad, la Agenda 2030 y el compromiso de cumplir con los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible constituyen la hoja de ruta en materia de desarrollo y cooperación tanto a nivel europeo como a nivel internacional. Este trabajo pretende analizar el desempeño relativo realizado por los países de la Unión Europea, aplicando un enfoque metodológico basado en el análisis factorial de datos en tres dimensiones y las técnicas de clasificación no supervisadas. El uso de un indicador sintético dinámico permitirá visualizar y cuantificar las semejanzas y divergencias por grupos de países y a nivel individual. Pese a los avances logrados en el conjunto de la UE, el estudio muestra que persisten diferencias significativas entre países y objetivos.
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    Identifying Profit-Shifting to Tax Havens Using Country-By-Country Report Statistics
    (Universidad de Huelva, 2024) Castillo Murciego, Ángela; López Laborda, Julio
    Profit-Shifting is an aggressive tax planning activity that erodes public revenues worldwide. Using statistics based on recent Country-by-Country Reports, this article identifies both descriptively and econometrically the existence of such activity by large Spanish multinationals in EU tax havens. Moreover, the paper shows that the application of the minimum Effective Tax Rate of 15% to profits generated in other EU countries by these large multinationals, within the Two- Pillar solution of the OECD/G20 Inclusive Framework, could increase Spanish tax revenue by around 2- 17% of annual corporate income tax.
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    Empoderamiento y brecha salarial a través de indicadores internacionales de género
    (Universidad de Huelva, 2024) Castro Romero, Lidia de; Martín Barroso, Víctor; Santero Sánchez, Rosa
    Las brechas económicas de género aún persisten, como la salarial y la de acceso a puestos de poder, contra las que distintas instituciones actúan para lograr una igualdad efectiva. La identificación y cuantificación de estas desigualdades se consigue a través de indicadores simples y compuestos que actúan como instrumento en las políticas. Este trabajo revisa los principales índices sintéticos de (des)igualdad de género internacionales, poniendo el foco en las dimensiones “retribución” y “poder”. Con los datos disponibles se observa que el peso de la dimensión poder es notablemente superior al de la dimensión de retribución (30% frente al 11,5%), si bien existe una elevada heterogeneidad entre los índices.
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    Subcontracting Retreat: Early Estimates Using Administrative Data
    (Universidad de Huelva, 2024) Kato Vidal, Enrique; Hernández Mendoza, Paulina
    Labor flexibility policies have increased temporary and subcontracted jobs. These types of employment are associated with lower quality jobs. In this paper, five-year economic census data and social security administrative data were collected to estimate, in non-census years, out-of-sample the percentage of subcontracted jobs. This evidence is relevant for assessing the impact of a legislation that banned subcontracting. Predictor variables such as time fixed effects, industry, and the rate of temporary workers were used. The results show a significant decrease in subcontracting, particularly in the secondary sector. These findings raise the need for future research on improvements in post-reform well-being in the labor market.