Análisis de las tareas de entrenamiento de un equipo profesional de baloncesto
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Abstract
El diseño y desarrollo de las tareas en baloncesto profesional
es de gran importancia, puesto que de ello depende
la carga a la cual están sometidos los jugadores. Por
ello, un control sistemático de las tareas de entrenamiento
desarrolladas va a permitir al cuerpo técnico conocer y
evaluar su posicionamiento metodológico, así como identificar
aquellas tareas que desarrolla con mayor asiduidad.
El objetivo del presente trabajo fue analizar las tareas desarrolladas
por un entrenador de un equipo de la primera
liga española de baloncesto, y, conocer la influencia de
la Situación de Juego en las Variables Pedagógicas, Variables
Organizativas y Carga Externa Subjetivas mediante la
herramienta Sistema Integral de Análisis de las Tareas de
Entrenamiento. Se registraron un total de 74 tareas realizadas
durante 10 sesiones de entrenamiento, con una
duración media de 15,33 minutos por tarea. Se empleó
el coeficiente Chi-Cuadrado (X2) para identificar la asociación
entre las variables. Los resultados mostraron una
asociación significativa entre la Situación de Juego y las
diferentes variables analizadas (p<,05). El cuerpo técnico
deber adaptar su metodología en función de la tipología
de entrenamiento a desarrollar, puesto que una metodología
enfocada a modelos directivos condiciona el grado
de participación, así como el compromiso motor y demandas
físicas de los jugadores. Por el contrario, emplear situaciones
de juego individuales, o, Small Sided Games en
Igualdad numérica incrementa la carga durante la tarea,
debido a una mayor intensidad. Para ello, el entrenador
debe disminuir el espacio de juego, y, llevar a cabo participaciones
simultáneas.
The design and development of tasks in professional basketball is of great importance, since the load to which the players are subjected depends on it. Therefore, a systematic control of the training tasks developed will allow the coaching staff to know and evaluate their methodological positioning, as well as to identify those tasks that are developed with greater assiduity. The aim of the present study is to analyse the tasks developed by a coach of a Spanish basketball first league team, and to know the influence of the Game Situation on the Pedagogical Variables, Organisational Variables and Subjective External Load by means of the Integrated Training Task Analysis System tool. A total of 74 tasks were recorded, distributed over 10 training sessions, with an average duration of 15.33 minutes per task. Chi-square coefficient (X2) was used to identify the association between variables. The results showed a significant association between the Game Situation and the different variables analysed (p<.05). The coaching staff should adapt their methodology according to the type of training to be developed, since a methodology focused on directive models conditions the degree of participation, as well as the motor commitment and physical demands of the players. On the other hand, using individual game situations or Small Sided Games in numerical equality increases the load during the task, due to a higher intensity. For this, the coach must reduce the playing space, and carry out simultaneous participations.
The design and development of tasks in professional basketball is of great importance, since the load to which the players are subjected depends on it. Therefore, a systematic control of the training tasks developed will allow the coaching staff to know and evaluate their methodological positioning, as well as to identify those tasks that are developed with greater assiduity. The aim of the present study is to analyse the tasks developed by a coach of a Spanish basketball first league team, and to know the influence of the Game Situation on the Pedagogical Variables, Organisational Variables and Subjective External Load by means of the Integrated Training Task Analysis System tool. A total of 74 tasks were recorded, distributed over 10 training sessions, with an average duration of 15.33 minutes per task. Chi-square coefficient (X2) was used to identify the association between variables. The results showed a significant association between the Game Situation and the different variables analysed (p<.05). The coaching staff should adapt their methodology according to the type of training to be developed, since a methodology focused on directive models conditions the degree of participation, as well as the motor commitment and physical demands of the players. On the other hand, using individual game situations or Small Sided Games in numerical equality increases the load during the task, due to a higher intensity. For this, the coach must reduce the playing space, and carry out simultaneous participations.







